Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
J Orthop Surg Res. 2008 Feb 20;3:7. doi: 10.1186/1749-799X-3-7.
Excessive pronation (or eversion) at ankle joint in heel-toe running correlated with lower extremity overuse injuries. Orthotics and inserts are often prescribed to limit the pronation range to tackle the problem. Previous studies revealed that the effect is product-specific. This study investigated the effect of medial arch-heel support in inserts on reducing ankle eversion in standing, walking and running.
Thirteen pronators and 13 normal subjects participated in standing, walking and running trials in each of the following conditions: (1) barefoot, and shod condition with insert with (2) no, (3) low, (4) medium, and (5) high medial arch-heel support. Motions were captured and processed by an eight-camera motion capture system. Maximum ankle eversion was calculated by incorporating the raw coordinates of 15 anatomical positions to a self-compiled Matlab program with kinematics equations. Analysis of variance with repeated measures with post-hoc Tukey pairwise comparisons was performed on the data among the five walking conditions and the five running conditions separately.
Results showed that the inserts with medial arch-heel support were effective in dynamics trials but not static trials. In walking, they successfully reduced the maximum eversion by 2.1 degrees in normal subjects and by 2.5-3.0 degrees in pronators. In running, the insert with low medial arch support significantly reduced maximum eversion angle by 3.6 and 3.1 degrees in normal subjects and pronators respectively.
Medial arch-heel support in inserts is effective in reducing ankle eversion in walking and running, but not in standing. In walking, there is a trend to bring the over-pronated feet of the pronators back to the normal eversion range. In running, it shows an effect to restore normal eversion range in 84% of the pronators.
足跟着地跑时踝关节过度内翻（或外翻）与下肢过度使用损伤有关。矫形器和鞋垫常被用于限制内翻范围，以解决这一问题。先前的研究表明，效果因产品而异。本研究旨在探讨鞋垫中内侧足弓-跟垫支撑对减少站立、行走和跑步时踝关节外翻的影响。
13 名内翻者和 13 名正常受试者分别在以下条件下进行站立、行走和跑步试验：（1）赤脚，和（2）无、（3）低、（4）中、（5）高内侧足弓-跟垫支撑的穿鞋状态。运动由一个 8 摄像机运动捕捉系统捕获和处理。通过将 15 个解剖位置的原始坐标纳入一个自编的 Matlab 程序，利用运动学方程计算最大踝关节外翻角度。对五种行走条件和五种跑步条件下的数据分别进行重复测量方差分析和事后 Tukey 两两比较。
结果表明，内侧足弓-跟垫支撑的鞋垫在动态试验中有效，但在静态试验中无效。在行走时，它们使正常受试者的最大外翻减少了 2.1 度，使内翻者的最大外翻减少了 2.5-3.0 度。在跑步时，低内侧足弓支撑的鞋垫使正常受试者和内翻者的最大外翻角度分别显著减少了 3.6 和 3.1 度。
鞋垫中的内侧足弓-跟垫支撑在行走和跑步时有效降低踝关节外翻，但在站立时无效。在行走时，它有将过度内翻的内翻足恢复到正常外翻范围的趋势。在跑步时，它在 84%的内翻者中显示出恢复正常外翻范围的效果。
