Nawoczenski D A, Cook T M, Saltzman C L
Department of Physical Therapy, Ithaca College, Rochester, NY 14623, USA.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1995 Jun;21(6):317-27. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1995.21.6.317.
Foot orthotics have been used successfully in the treatment of musculoskeletal symptoms associated with structural variations of the foot. Their effectiveness has been primarily addressed through two-dimensional, frontal plane motion studies of the subtalar joint in individuals considered "clinical pronators." Recent evidence suggests that assessment of tibial axial rotation in combination with frontal plane analysis of calcaneal inversion/eversion may provide improved understanding of subtalar joint function. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of semi-rigid foot orthotics on three-dimensional lower limb kinematics in 20 recreational runners presenting with distinct structural foot characteristics. Radiographic measurements were used to classify subjects into a low or high rearfoot profile group. The results of the kinematic analysis showed a significant orthotic effect for rotations occurring from heel contact to peak tibial internal rotation, as well as in the coupling relationship between tibial axial rotation and calcaneal inversion/eversion. Both groups responded similarly with a mean reduction of 2 degrees in tibial internal rotation. No differences were found for the frontal plane rotations for either group when orthotics were worn. The findings suggest that the maximum effect of orthotics may be realized in the first 50% of stance and related to the changes in tibial axial rotation.
足部矫形器已成功用于治疗与足部结构变异相关的肌肉骨骼症状。其有效性主要通过对被视为“临床旋前者”的个体距下关节进行二维额状面运动研究来探讨。最近的证据表明，结合跟骨内翻/外翻的额状面分析来评估胫骨轴向旋转，可能会增进对距下关节功能的理解。本研究的目的是考察半刚性足部矫形器对20名具有不同足部结构特征的休闲跑步者下肢三维运动学的影响。通过影像学测量将受试者分为低或高足跟轮廓组。运动学分析结果显示，从足跟触地到胫骨内旋峰值期间的旋转以及胫骨轴向旋转与跟骨内翻/外翻之间的耦合关系存在显著的矫形器效应。两组的反应相似，胫骨内旋平均减少2度。佩戴矫形器时，两组在额状面旋转方面均未发现差异。研究结果表明，矫形器的最大效果可能在站立的前50%阶段实现，且与胫骨轴向旋转的变化有关。
