Dept. of Electr. Eng., Toronto Univ., Ont.
IEEE Trans Image Process. 1995;4(3):259-73. doi: 10.1109/83.366475.
A new technique to recover the information loss in a block-based image coding system is developed in this paper. The proposed scheme is based on fuzzy logic reasoning and can be divided into three main steps: (1) hierarchical compass interpolation/extrapolation (HCIE) in the spatial domain for initial recovery of lost blocks that mainly contain low-frequency information such as smooth background (2) coarse spectra interpretation by fuzzy logic reasoning for recovery of lost blocks that contain high-frequency information such as complex textures and fine features (3) sliding window iteration (SWI), which is performed in both spatial and spectral domains to efficiently integrate the results obtained in steps (1) and (2) such that the optimal result can be achieved in terms of surface continuity on block boundaries and a set of fuzzy inference rules. The proposed method, which is suitable for recovering both isolated and contiguous block losses, provides a new approach for error concealment of block-based image coding systems such as the JPEG coding standard and vector quantization-based coding algorithms. The principle of the proposed scheme can also be applied to block-based video compression schemes such as the H.261, MPEG, and HDTV standards. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
本文提出了一种用于恢复基于块的图像编码系统中信息丢失的新方法。该方案基于模糊逻辑推理，可分为三个主要步骤：（1）在空间域中进行分层罗盘内插/外推（HCIE），以初始恢复主要包含低频信息（如平滑背景）的丢失块；（2）通过模糊逻辑推理进行粗略频谱解释，以恢复包含高频信息（如复杂纹理和精细特征）的丢失块；（3）滑动窗口迭代（SWI），在空间域和频谱域中执行，以有效地集成步骤（1）和（2）中获得的结果，从而在块边界的表面连续性和一组模糊推理规则方面获得最佳结果。该方法适用于恢复孤立和连续的块丢失，为基于块的图像编码系统（如 JPEG 编码标准和基于矢量量化的编码算法）的错误隐藏提供了一种新方法。所提出的方案的原理也可应用于基于块的视频压缩方案，如 H.261、MPEG 和高清电视标准。仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。
