Kanellopoulou Chryssa, Monticelli Silvia
The Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2008 Apr;18(2):79-88. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2008.01.002. Epub 2008 Jan 15.
MicroRNAs are a growing class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to target messenger RNAs and inducing translational repression, cleavage or destabilization of the target. Because each miRNA potentially can regulate expression of a distinct set of genes, it is conceivable that the differential expression of different miRNAs might profoundly influence the repertoire of genes that are expressed during development, differentiation or disease. Here, we provide background on the biogenesis and function of miRNAs, and discuss how miRNA-mediated regulation can influence tumorigenesis as well as normal development and function of cells of the immune system.
微小RNA是一类不断增加的内源性小非编码RNA，它们通过与靶信使RNA结合并诱导靶标的翻译抑制、切割或去稳定化来调节基因表达。由于每个微小RNA都可能调节一组独特基因的表达，因此可以想象，不同微小RNA的差异表达可能会深刻影响发育、分化或疾病过程中表达的基因库。在这里，我们提供了微小RNA生物发生和功能的背景知识，并讨论了微小RNA介导的调节如何影响肿瘤发生以及免疫系统细胞的正常发育和功能。
