损伤后细胞免疫反应的性别差异及雌激素调节作用。
Sex differences and estrogen modulation of the cellular immune response after injury.
作者信息
Bird Melanie D, Karavitis John, Kovacs Elizabeth J
机构信息
Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
出版信息
Cell Immunol. 2008 Mar-Apr;252(1-2):57-67. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2007.09.007. Epub 2008 Feb 21.
Cell-mediated immunity is extremely important for resolution of infection and for proper healing from injury. However, the cellular immune response is dysregulated following injuries such as burn and hemorrhage. Sex hormones are known to regulate immunity, and a well-documented dichotomy exists in the immune response to injury between the sexes. This disparity is caused by differences in immune cell activation, infiltration, and cytokine production during and after injury. Estrogen and testosterone can positively or negatively regulate the cellular immune response either by aiding in resolution or by compounding the morbidity and mortality. It is apparent that the hormonal dysregulation is dependent not only on the type of injury sustained but also the amount of circulating hormones. Therefore, it may be possible to design sex-specific therapies to improve immunological function and patient outcome.
细胞介导的免疫对于感染的消退和损伤后的正常愈合极为重要。然而，在烧伤和出血等损伤后，细胞免疫反应会失调。已知性激素可调节免疫，并且在两性对损伤的免疫反应中存在有充分记录的差异。这种差异是由损伤期间及之后免疫细胞激活、浸润和细胞因子产生的差异所导致的。雌激素和睾酮可通过促进消退或加重发病率和死亡率，对细胞免疫反应产生正向或负向调节作用。显然，激素失调不仅取决于所遭受损伤的类型，还取决于循环激素的量。因此，有可能设计针对性别的疗法来改善免疫功能和患者预后。
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