Griffin Michael G
Department of Psychology & Center for Trauma Recovery, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2008 Feb;21(1):91-9. doi: 10.1002/jts.20300.
This study used a prospective design to investigate startle reactivity following trauma exposure. Startle response was evaluated using loud tones during which measures of eyeblink electromyogram (EMG) and heart rate (HR) were collected. Participants were 40 female sexual or physical assault survivors assessed at 1 month and 6 months postassault. There were no significant differences in startle reactivity between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and non-PTSD groups at the initial assessment. However, at 6 months postassault there was a significantly greater EMG and HR response in the PTSD group as well as a significant increase in startle reactivity from 1 month to 6 months postassault. The findings lend support to a sensitization model of trauma reactivity in which startle response develops over time along with PTSD symptoms.
本研究采用前瞻性设计来调查创伤暴露后的惊吓反应性。使用响亮的音调评估惊吓反应，在此期间收集眨眼肌电图（EMG）和心率（HR）的测量值。参与者为40名遭受性侵犯或身体侵犯的女性幸存者，在袭击后1个月和6个月进行评估。在初始评估时，创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）组和非PTSD组之间的惊吓反应性没有显著差异。然而，在袭击后6个月，PTSD组的EMG和HR反应显著更大，并且从袭击后1个月到6个月，惊吓反应性显著增加。这些发现支持了创伤反应性的敏化模型，其中惊吓反应随着时间的推移与PTSD症状一起发展。
