Ledbetter Eric C, Scarlett Janet M
Department of Clinical Sciences, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Vet Ophthalmol. 2008 Mar-Apr;11(2):114-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2008.00610.x.
To determine the frequency of obligate anaerobic bacterial isolation from corneal samples of domestic animals with ulcerative keratitis and to characterize the historical, clinical, cytological, and microbiological features of culture-positive cases.
Three hundred and thirty domestic animals with ulcerative keratitis.
Anaerobic bacteriologic culture and Gram stain were performed on corneal samples from consecutive animals examined with suspect septic ulcerative keratitis. Additional corneal diagnostics included: aerobic bacteriologic culture for all species; fungal culture for ungulates; Mycoplasma culture and virus isolation or feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for cats. Historical, clinical, and cytological findings were correlated with microbiologic data.
Anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 13.0% of corneal samples (dogs: 14.0%; horses: 12.9%; cats: 7.9%; alpacas: 18.8%). The most frequent isolates were Clostridium, Peptostreptococcus, Actinomyces, Fusobacterium, and Bacteroides species. The majority of these infections were mixed anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, unless antimicrobial therapy had been administered prior to presentation. The clinical appearance of anaerobic bacterial culture-positive cases was highly variable. Ocular trauma, pre-existing corneal disease, previous corneal surgery, and chronic dermatological disease were significantly (P < or = 0.05) correlated with positive anaerobic cultures in one or more species.
The results of the present study demonstrate that obligate anaerobic bacteria are present within the intralesional flora of ulcerative keratitis in domestic animals. In most species evaluated, these bacteria were identified infrequently. Anaerobic bacterial infection of the cornea most frequently occurs in association with other ocular pathogens and previous corneal abnormalities.
确定从患有溃疡性角膜炎的家畜角膜样本中分离出专性厌氧菌的频率，并描述培养阳性病例的病史、临床、细胞学和微生物学特征。
330只患有溃疡性角膜炎的家畜。
对连续检查的疑似化脓性溃疡性角膜炎动物的角膜样本进行厌氧菌培养和革兰氏染色。其他角膜诊断包括：对所有物种进行需氧菌培养；对有蹄类动物进行真菌培养；对猫进行支原体培养和病毒分离或猫疱疹病毒1型（FHV-1）聚合酶链反应（PCR）。将病史、临床和细胞学检查结果与微生物学数据进行关联分析。
13.0%的角膜样本中分离出厌氧菌（犬：14.0%；马：12.9%；猫：7.9%；羊驼：18.8%）。最常见的分离菌株是梭菌属、消化链球菌属、放线菌属、梭杆菌属和拟杆菌属。这些感染大多数是厌氧菌与需氧菌混合感染，除非在就诊前已进行抗菌治疗。厌氧菌培养阳性病例的临床表现差异很大。眼外伤、既往角膜疾病、既往角膜手术和慢性皮肤病与一种或多种物种的厌氧菌培养阳性显著相关（P≤0.05）。
本研究结果表明，专性厌氧菌存在于家畜溃疡性角膜炎的病灶内菌群中。在大多数评估的物种中，这些细菌很少被鉴定出来。角膜厌氧菌感染最常与其他眼部病原体和既往角膜异常同时发生。
