Moffitt Jeffrey R, Chemla Yann R, Smith Steven B, Bustamante Carlos
Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Annu Rev Biochem. 2008;77:205-28. doi: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.043007.090225.
It has been over 20 years since the pioneering work of Arthur Ashkin, and in the intervening years, the field of optical tweezers has grown tremendously. Optical tweezers are now being used in the investigation of an increasing number of biochemical and biophysical processes, from the basic mechanical properties of biological polymers to the multitude of molecular machines that drive the internal dynamics of the cell. Innovation, however, continues in all areas of instrumentation and technique, with much of this work focusing on the refinement of established methods and on the integration of this tool with other forms of single-molecule manipulation or detection. Although technical in nature, these developments have important implications for the expanded use of optical tweezers in biochemical research and thus should be of general interest. In this review, we address these recent advances and speculate on possible future developments.
自亚瑟·阿什金的开创性工作以来，已经过去了20多年，在此期间，光镊领域取得了巨大的发展。如今，光镊正被用于越来越多的生物化学和生物物理过程的研究，从生物聚合物的基本力学性质到驱动细胞内部动态的众多分子机器。然而，仪器和技术的各个领域仍在不断创新，其中许多工作集中在完善现有方法以及将该工具与其他形式的单分子操纵或检测相结合。尽管这些发展本质上是技术性的，但它们对光镊在生物化学研究中的更广泛应用具有重要意义，因此应受到普遍关注。在这篇综述中，我们将探讨这些最新进展，并对未来可能的发展进行推测。
