Hill J O, Peters J C, Catenacci V A, Wyatt H R
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80262, USA.
Obes Rev. 2008 Mar;9 Suppl 1:41-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2007.00437.x.
Obesity rates are increasing in most countries throughout the world. The reasons for the increase are complex and involve biological, behavioural and environmental factors. We have unintentionally created environments that encourage over-eating and discourage physical activity. Despite the recognition of the seriousness of obesity to public health, no interventions have been effective in reducing obesity rates on a population basis. Reversing obesity rates within populations will require addressing both individual behaviour and the obesogenic environment. Obesity rates could be reduced by treating affected individuals or by preventing the gradual increase in body weights of the population. Success in long-term obesity treatment is poor and appears to require that large behaviour changes be made and sustained. An alternative approach is to promote small lifestyle changes to prevent the gradual increase in the body weight of populations. America On the Move is an initiative based on promoting small lifestyle changes to prevent weight gain in the US population. This is one strategy could be used in other countries to reduce obesity rates.
全球大多数国家的肥胖率都在上升。肥胖率上升的原因很复杂，涉及生物、行为和环境因素。我们无意间创造了鼓励过度饮食和抑制体育活动的环境。尽管人们认识到肥胖对公众健康的严重性，但尚无干预措施能在总体上有效降低肥胖率。扭转人群中的肥胖率需要解决个体行为和致胖环境这两个问题。可以通过治疗受影响的个体或防止人群体重逐渐增加来降低肥胖率。长期肥胖治疗的成功率很低，而且似乎需要做出并维持大幅度的行为改变。另一种方法是推动生活方式做出微小改变，以防止人群体重逐渐增加。“美国行动起来”是一项旨在推动生活方式做出微小改变以防止美国人群体重增加的倡议。这是一种可在其他国家用于降低肥胖率的策略。
