Glare Travis R, Reay Stephen D, Nelson Tracey L, Moore Roger
AgResearch, Private Bag 4749, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Mycol Res. 2008 Mar;112(Pt 3):352-60. doi: 10.1016/j.mycres.2007.10.015. Epub 2007 Nov 12.
In New Zealand, two introduced scolytid beetles, Hylastes ater and Hylurgus ligniperda (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are pests in pine plantations. Investigation of the naturally occurring pathogens of these exotic pests revealed that both are attacked by Beauveria caledonica, a species originally isolated and described from soil in Scotland. The isolates in New Zealand were identical in morphology and conserved DNA region (rDNA, elongation factor alpha) sequence to isolates held in the USDA-ARS insect pathogens culture collection. In bioassay, the B. caledonica isolates were highly pathogenic to adults of H. ligniperda and larvae of Tenebrio molitor. Sporulation was observed on cadavers, confirming the species can utilise the cadavers. As both species were likely to have been introduced to New Zealand from Europe, a search was made for B. caledonica in the northern UK and Ireland. The fungus was found as a naturally-occurring pathogen of the weevil pest, Hylobius abietis (Curculionidae: Scolytinae), developing in spruce and other beetles in forests in both regions.
在新西兰，两种外来的小蠹虫，黑胫材小蠹（Hylastes ater）和欧洲材小蠹（Hylurgus ligniperda，象鼻虫科：小蠹亚科）是松树种植园中的害虫。对这些外来害虫的自然病原进行调查发现，它们均受到喀里多尼亚白僵菌（Beauveria caledonica）的侵袭，该菌种最初是从苏格兰土壤中分离并描述的。新西兰的分离菌株在形态和保守DNA区域（rDNA、延伸因子α）序列上与美国农业部农业研究局昆虫病原培养保藏中心保存的分离菌株相同。在生物测定中，喀里多尼亚白僵菌分离菌株对欧洲材小蠹成虫和黄粉虫幼虫具有高致病性。在虫尸上观察到了孢子形成，证实该菌种能够利用虫尸。由于这两个物种可能都是从欧洲引入新西兰的，因此在英国北部和爱尔兰进行了喀里多尼亚白僵菌的搜索。在这两个地区的森林中，发现该真菌是象鼻虫害虫针叶树小蠹（Hylobius abietis，象鼻虫科：小蠹亚科）以及云杉和其他甲虫的自然病原。
