Webber Larry S, Catellier Diane J, Lytle Leslie A, Murray David M, Pratt Charlotte A, Young Deborah R, Elder John P, Lohman Timothy G, Stevens June, Jobe Jared B, Pate Russell R
Department of Biostatistics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2008 Mar;34(3):173-84. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.11.018.
Physical activity is important for weight control and good health; however, activity levels decline in the adolescent years, particularly in girls.
Group randomized controlled trial.
SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Middle school girls with English-speaking skills and no conditions to prevent participation in physical activity in 36 schools in six geographically diverse areas of the United States. Random, cross-sectional samples were drawn within schools: 6th graders in 2003 (n=1721) and 8th graders in 2005 (n=3504) and 2006 (n=3502).
A 2-year study-directed intervention (fall 2003 to spring 2005) targeted schools, community agencies, and girls to increase opportunities, support, and incentives for increased physical activity. Components included programs linking schools and community agencies, physical education, health education, and social marketing. A third-year intervention used school and community personnel to direct intervention activities.
The primary outcome, daily MET-weighted minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MET-weighted MVPA), was assessed using accelerometry. Percent body fat was assessed using anthropometry.
After the staff-directed intervention (pre-stated primary outcome), there were no differences (mean= -0.4, 95% CI= -8.2 to 7.4) in adjusted MET-weighted MVPA between 8th-grade girls in schools assigned to intervention or control. Following the Program Champion-directed intervention, girls in intervention schools were more physically active than girls in control schools (mean difference 10.9 MET-weighted minutes of MVPA, 95% CI=0.52-21.2). This difference is about 1.6 minutes of daily MVPA or 80 kcal per week. There were no differences in fitness or percent body fat at either 8th-grade timepoint.
A school-based, community-linked intervention modestly improved physical activity in girls.
体育活动对体重控制和健康很重要；然而，在青少年时期，尤其是女孩，活动水平会下降。
群组随机对照试验。
设置/参与者：在美国六个地理区域的36所学校中，具有英语能力且无妨碍参与体育活动情况的初中女生。在学校内抽取随机横断面样本：2003年的六年级学生（n = 1721）、2005年的八年级学生（n = 3504）和2006年的八年级学生（n = 3502）。
一项为期2年的研究指导干预（2003年秋季至2005年春季）针对学校、社区机构和女孩，以增加体育活动的机会、支持和激励措施。组成部分包括将学校与社区机构联系起来的项目、体育教育、健康教育和社会营销。第三年的干预利用学校和社区人员来指导干预活动。
主要结局，即中度至剧烈体育活动的每日代谢当量加权分钟数（代谢当量加权中度至剧烈体育活动），使用加速度计进行评估。体脂百分比使用人体测量法进行评估。
在工作人员指导的干预之后（预先设定的主要结局），分配到干预组或对照组的学校中八年级女生在调整后的代谢当量加权中度至剧烈体育活动方面没有差异（平均值 = -0.4，95%可信区间 = -8.2至7.4）。在项目冠军指导的干预之后，干预学校的女孩比对照学校的女孩身体活动更积极（平均差异为10.9代谢当量加权分钟的中度至剧烈体育活动，95%可信区间 = 0.52 - 21.2）。这种差异约为每天1.6分钟的中度至剧烈体育活动或每周80千卡。在八年级的两个时间点，身体素质或体脂百分比均无差异。
一项以学校为基础、与社区相关的干预措施适度改善了女孩的体育活动情况。
