Song Ji-Eun, Um Yoo-Jung, Kim Chang-Sung, Choi Seong-Ho, Cho Kyoo-Sung, Kim Chong-Kwan, Chai Jung-Kiu, Jung Ui-Won
Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
J Periodontol. 2008 Mar;79(3):406-12. doi: 10.1902/jop.2008.070302.
Periodontal plastic surgery is used to fulfill the esthetic and functional demands of patients. The palatal masticatory mucosa is the main donor site for connective tissue, and the thickness of the graft tissue obtained is an important factor for the success of this technique. The aim of this study was to measure the thickness of masticatory mucosa in the posterior palatal area using computerized tomography (CT).
The thickness measurements were performed on the images of 100 adult subjects who underwent CT on the maxilla for implant surgery. Twenty-four standard measurement points were defined in the hard palate according to the gingival margin and the middle palatal suture. The radiographic measurements were used after calibration. The data were analyzed to determine the differences in the mucosal thickness according to gender, age, tooth position, and depth of the palatal vault.
The overall mean thickness of the palatal masticatory mucosa was 3.83 +/- 0.58 mm (range: 2.29 to 6.25 mm). Females had significantly thinner mean masticatory mucosa (3.66 +/- 0.52 mm) than males (3.95 +/- 0.60 mm) (P <0.0001). The thickness of the palatal masticatory mucosa increased with age. The mean thickness according to tooth site was 3.46 mm (maxillary canine), 3.66 mm (first premolar), 3.81 mm (second premolar), 3.13 mm (first molar), 3.31 mm (the base of the interproximal papilla of the first and second molars), and 3.39 mm (second molar). There was an overall increase in the thickness of the palatal masticatory mucosa as the distance from the gingival margin to the middle palatine suture increased, with the exception of the Ca-d (a point at 12 mm from the gingival margin of the canine) region. There was no significant difference in the thickness of the palatal masticatory mucosa between the groups with high or low palatal vaults.
The palatal masticatory mucosa thickness increased from the canine to premolar region but decreased at the first molar region and increased again in the second molar region, with the thinnest area at the first molar region and the thickest at the second premolar region. The canine to premolar region seems to be the most appropriate donor site that contains a uniformly thick mucosa. CT can be considered an alternative method for the measurement of palatal soft tissue thickness.
牙周整形手术用于满足患者的美学和功能需求。腭部咀嚼黏膜是结缔组织的主要供区，获取的移植组织厚度是该技术成功的重要因素。本研究的目的是使用计算机断层扫描（CT）测量腭部后区咀嚼黏膜的厚度。
对100名因种植手术接受上颌CT检查的成年受试者的图像进行厚度测量。根据牙龈边缘和腭中缝在硬腭上定义了24个标准测量点。校准后使用影像学测量。分析数据以确定根据性别、年龄、牙位和腭穹窿深度的黏膜厚度差异。
腭部咀嚼黏膜的总体平均厚度为3.83±0.58毫米（范围：2.29至6.25毫米）。女性的平均咀嚼黏膜（3.66±0.52毫米）明显比男性（3.95±0.60毫米）薄（P<0.0001）。腭部咀嚼黏膜的厚度随年龄增加。根据牙位的平均厚度分别为3.46毫米（上颌尖牙）、3.66毫米（第一前磨牙）、3.81毫米（第二前磨牙）、3.13毫米（第一磨牙）、3.31毫米（第一和第二磨牙邻间乳头基部）以及3.39毫米（第二磨牙）。随着从牙龈边缘到腭中缝的距离增加，腭部咀嚼黏膜的厚度总体上增加，但犬牙距牙龈边缘12毫米处（Ca-d）区域除外。高腭穹窿组和低腭穹窿组之间腭部咀嚼黏膜的厚度没有显著差异。
腭部咀嚼黏膜厚度从尖牙区到前磨牙区增加，但在第一磨牙区减少，在第二磨牙区再次增加，最薄区域在第一磨牙区，最厚区域在第二前磨牙区。尖牙到前磨牙区似乎是最合适的供区，其黏膜厚度均匀。CT可被视为测量腭部软组织厚度的替代方法。
