Struch Franziska, Dau Michael, Schwahn Christian, Biffar Reiner, Kocher Thomas, Meisel Peter
Dental Clinics, Unit of Periodontology, University of Greifswald, F.-Loeffler-Strasse 23d, Greifswald, Germany.
J Periodontol. 2008 Mar;79(3):501-7. doi: 10.1902/jop.2008.070203.
Periodontitis is a bacterial inflammatory disease leading to attachment loss with the consequence of tooth loss. There exists a multifactorial risk pattern including bacterial challenge, age, smoking, diabetes mellitus, as well as socioeconomic and genetic factors. An interleukin (IL)-1 haplotype is associated with periodontitis. We report the relationship between type 2 diabetes, the IL-1A/1B haplotype, and periodontitis in a population-based study.
In a cross-sectional health survey in northeast Germany, we genotyped 1,515 subjects aged 40 to 60 years for the IL-1 genotype, examined their periodontal status, and assessed diabetes, including the history of diagnosed diabetes, the use of antidiabetic medications, and hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) measures.
Subjects with increased levels of HbA(1c) had more widespread and severe periodontal disease than normoglycemic subjects. There is a gene-environmental interaction because diabetic subjects bearing a variant IL-1 genotype C/T or T/T had an enhanced risk for periodontal disease in comparison with their IL-1 wild-type counterparts. Bleeding on probing (P = 0.007), attachment loss (P = 0.009), and number of teeth (P <0.001) were associated significantly with diabetes and the IL-1 genotype. Logistic regression and a matched-pair analysis confirmed these results.
Subjects with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk for periodontitis, which is aggravated further if combined with the variant IL-1A/1B genotype.
牙周炎是一种细菌性炎症性疾病，可导致附着丧失，最终导致牙齿脱落。存在多种危险因素模式，包括细菌感染、年龄、吸烟、糖尿病以及社会经济和遗传因素。白细胞介素（IL）-1单倍型与牙周炎有关。我们在一项基于人群的研究中报告了2型糖尿病、IL-1A/1B单倍型与牙周炎之间的关系。
在德国东北部的一项横断面健康调查中，我们对1515名年龄在40至60岁之间的受试者进行了IL-1基因型基因分型，检查了他们的牙周状况，并评估了糖尿病情况，包括糖尿病诊断史、抗糖尿病药物使用情况以及糖化血红蛋白A（1c）（HbA（1c））测量值。
HbA（1c）水平升高的受试者比血糖正常的受试者患有更广泛、更严重的牙周疾病。存在基因-环境相互作用，因为携带变异IL-1基因型C/T或T/T的糖尿病受试者与IL-1野生型对应者相比，患牙周疾病的风险更高。探诊出血（P = 0.007）、附着丧失（P = 0.009）和牙齿数量（P <0.001）与糖尿病和IL-1基因型显著相关。逻辑回归和配对分析证实了这些结果。
2型糖尿病患者患牙周炎的风险增加，如果与变异的IL-1A/1B基因型相结合，风险会进一步加剧。
