Taylor Catherine A, Boris Neil W, Heller Sherryl Scott, Clum Gretchen A, Rice Janet C, Zeanah Charles H
Department of Community Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2008 Nov;23(11):1618-35. doi: 10.1177/0886260508314323. Epub 2008 Mar 4.
This study examines type-specific and cumulative experiences of violence among a vulnerable population of youth. Sixty high-risk, shelter-dwelling, urban youth were interviewed regarding their history of childhood maltreatment, exposure to community violence (ECV), and experience with intimate partner violence (IPV). Results show a high prevalence and high degree of overlap among multiple types of violence exposure. Childhood physical, sexual (CSA), and emotional (CEA) abuse were interrelated and were associated with ECV. Cumulative experiences of childhood abuse (CCA) had a graded association with IPV victimization. In multivariate analyses, CCA and ECV were independently associated with IPV victimization. Gender moderated the effect of one association: CEA raised the risk of IPV victimization for girls but not for boys. Only CSA predicted IPV perpetration. Findings suggest that cumulative exposures to violence create cumulative risk for experiencing more violence. Shelter-dwelling, urban youth may be particularly vulnerable to this additive effect.
本研究调查了弱势青年群体中特定类型和累积的暴力经历。对60名处于高风险、居住在庇护所的城市青年进行了访谈，询问他们童年期受虐待的经历、遭受社区暴力（ECV）的情况以及亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的经历。结果显示，多种类型的暴力暴露发生率高且重叠程度高。童年期身体虐待、性虐待（CSA）和情感虐待（CEA）相互关联，并与社区暴力有关。童年期虐待的累积经历（CCA）与亲密伴侣暴力受害情况呈分级关联。在多变量分析中，童年期虐待的累积经历和社区暴力与亲密伴侣暴力受害情况独立相关。性别对一种关联的影响起到调节作用：情感虐待增加了女孩遭受亲密伴侣暴力受害的风险，但对男孩没有影响。只有性虐待可预测亲密伴侣暴力的 perpetration（此处原文可能有误，推测为“实施”之意）。研究结果表明，累积暴露于暴力会增加遭受更多暴力的累积风险。居住在庇护所的城市青年可能特别容易受到这种累加效应的影响。
