Innis Sheila M, Friesen Russell W
Nutrition Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V56Z 4H4.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Mar;87(3):548-57. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.3.548.
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is important to neural development. Whether DHA intakes are low enough in some pregnant women to impair infant development is uncertain.
We sought to determine whether DHA deficiency occurs in pregnant women and contributes to poor infant development.
Biochemical cutoffs, dietary intakes, or developmental scores indicative of DHA deficiency are not defined. Infant development has a distribution in which an individual's potential development is unknown. This was a randomized intervention to establish a distribution of developmental scores for infants of women with DHA intakes considered to be above requirements against which to compare the development of infants of mothers consuming their usual diet. DHA (400 mg/d; n = 67) or a placebo (n = 68) was consumed by the women from 16 wk gestation until delivery. We determined maternal red blood cell ethanolamine phosphoglyceride fatty acids, dietary intakes at 16 and 36 wk gestation, and infant visual acuity at 60 d of age.
We described an approach to identify DHA deficiency when biochemical and functional markers of deficiency are unknown. In multivariate analyses, infant visual acuity was related to sex (beta = 0.660, SE = 0.93, and odds ratio = 1.93) and maternal DHA intervention (beta = 1.215, SE = 1.64, and odds ratio = 3.37). More infant girls in the placebo than in the DHA intervention group had a visual acuity below average (P = 0.048). Maternal red blood cell ethanolamine phosphoglyceride docosatetraenoic acid was inversely related to visual acuity in boys (rho = -0.37, P < 0.05) and girls (rho = -0.48, P < 0.01).
These studies suggest that some pregnant women in our study population were DHA-deficient.
二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）对神经发育很重要。一些孕妇的DHA摄入量是否低到足以损害婴儿发育尚不确定。
我们试图确定孕妇是否会出现DHA缺乏以及这是否会导致婴儿发育不良。
目前尚无明确的生化临界值、膳食摄入量或表明DHA缺乏的发育评分标准。婴儿发育呈一种分布状态，其中个体的潜在发育情况未知。这是一项随机干预研究，旨在为DHA摄入量被认为高于需求的女性所生婴儿建立发育评分分布，以便与食用平常饮食的母亲所生婴儿的发育情况进行比较。孕妇从妊娠16周直至分娩期间服用DHA（400毫克/天；n = 67）或安慰剂（n = 68）。我们测定了孕妇红细胞乙醇胺磷酸甘油酯脂肪酸、妊娠16周和36周时的膳食摄入量以及婴儿60日龄时的视力。
我们描述了一种在缺乏缺乏的生化和功能标志物时识别DHA缺乏的方法。在多变量分析中，婴儿视力与性别（β = 0.660，标准误 = 0.93，比值比 = 1.93）和孕妇DHA干预（β = 1.215，标准误 = 1.64，比值比 = 3.37）有关。安慰剂组中视力低于平均水平的女婴比DHA干预组更多（P = 0.048）。孕妇红细胞乙醇胺磷酸甘油酯二十二碳四烯酸与男婴（ρ = -0.37，P < 0.05）和女婴（ρ = -0.48，P < 0.01）的视力呈负相关。
这些研究表明，我们研究人群中的一些孕妇存在DHA缺乏。
