Tijtgat Pieter, Mazyn Liesbeth, De Laey Christophe, Lenoir Matthieu
Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Accid Anal Prev. 2008 Mar;40(2):719-24. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2007.09.009. Epub 2007 Oct 2.
In this study the contribution of stereo vision to the control of braking in front of a stationary target vehicle was investigated. Participants with normal (StereoN) and weak (StereoW) stereo vision drove a go-cart along a linear track towards a stationary vehicle. They could start braking from a distance of 4, 7, or 10m from the vehicle. Deceleration patterns were measured by means of a laser. A lack of stereo vision was associated with an earlier onset of braking, but the duration of the braking manoeuvre was similar. During the deceleration, the time of peak deceleration occurred earlier in drivers with weak stereo vision. Stopping distance was greater in those lacking in stereo vision. A lack of stereo vision was associated with a more prudent brake behaviour, in which the driver took into account a larger safety margin. This compensation might be caused either by an unconscious adaptation of the human perceptuo-motor system, or by a systematic underestimation of distance remaining due to the lack of stereo vision. In general, a lack of stereo vision did not seem to increase the risk of rear-end collisions.
在本研究中，对立体视觉在控制向静止目标车辆制动方面的作用进行了调查。具有正常立体视觉（StereoN）和弱立体视觉（StereoW）的参与者驾驶一辆卡丁车沿着直线轨道驶向一辆静止车辆。他们可以在距离车辆4米、7米或10米处开始制动。通过激光测量减速模式。缺乏立体视觉与更早开始制动有关，但制动操作的持续时间相似。在减速过程中，弱立体视觉的驾驶员峰值减速时间出现得更早。缺乏立体视觉的人停车距离更长。缺乏立体视觉与更谨慎的制动行为有关，即驾驶员会考虑更大的安全余量。这种补偿可能是由于人类感知运动系统的无意识适应，或者是由于缺乏立体视觉而对剩余距离的系统性低估。总体而言，缺乏立体视觉似乎并未增加追尾碰撞的风险。
