Mar Costa M, Novoa B, Figueras A
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2008 May;24(5):498-505. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2007.10.003. Epub 2007 Oct 25.
The effects of beta-glucans on several immune functions of carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) and Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) hemocytes were determined. Nitric oxide (NO) production increased significantly in beta-glucan treated mussels and clams. In mussels, beta-glucans increased by themselves the release of free oxygen radicals and also were able to enhance the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) mediated effect on this hemocyte activity. However, high doses of beta-glucans when combined with zymosan decreased this respiratory burst. In clams, hemolymph treated with several doses of beta-glucans limited the growth of the three bacteria, Vibrio algynolyticus (strain TA15), Vibrio splendidus (strain TA2) and Escherichia coli (strain ATCC 13706). This modulation on the antibacterial activity, however, was not observed when mussel hemolymph was incubated with beta-glucans. These results suggest that the immune responses of these animals can be up and down modulated by external stimuli and, although clams and mussels are both relatively closely related species, their behaviour concerning immune responses can be different.
测定了β-葡聚糖对翡翠贻贝（Ruditapes decussatus）和地中海贻贝（Mytilus galloprovincialis）血细胞几种免疫功能的影响。在经β-葡聚糖处理的贻贝和蛤蜊中，一氧化氮（NO）的产生显著增加。在贻贝中，β-葡聚糖自身会增加自由基的释放，并且还能够增强佛波酯12-肉豆蔻酸酯13-乙酸酯（PMA）介导的对这种血细胞活性的影响。然而，高剂量的β-葡聚糖与酵母聚糖联合使用时会降低这种呼吸爆发。在蛤蜊中，用几种剂量的β-葡聚糖处理血淋巴可限制三种细菌的生长，即溶藻弧菌（TA15菌株）、灿烂弧菌（TA2菌株）和大肠杆菌（ATCC 13706菌株）。然而，当贻贝血淋巴与β-葡聚糖一起孵育时，未观察到这种对抗菌活性的调节作用。这些结果表明，这些动物的免疫反应可以被外部刺激上调和下调，并且尽管蛤蜊和贻贝都是亲缘关系相对较近的物种，但它们在免疫反应方面的表现可能不同。
