Turner S W, Craig L C A, Harbour P J, Forbes S H, McNeill G, Seaton A, Devereux G, Russell G, Helms P J
Department of Child Health, University of Aberdeen, Royal Aberdeen Children's Hospital, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
Arch Dis Child. 2008 Aug;93(8):701-4. doi: 10.1136/adc.2007.134569. Epub 2008 Mar 12.
Asthma is a common condition characterised by wheeze. Many different respiratory sounds are interpreted by parents as "wheeze" in young children.
To relate different respiratory sounds reported as wheeze in 2-year-olds to asthma outcomes at age 5 years.
As part of a longitudinal cohort study, parents completed respiratory questionnaires for their children at 2 and 5 years of age. Parents who reported wheeze were given options to describe the sound as rattling, purring or whistling.
Of the 1371 2-year-olds surveyed, 210 had current wheeze, of whom 124 had rattle, 49 purr and 24 whistle. Children with whistle at 2 years were more likely to have mothers with asthma, and children with rattle and purr were more likely to be exposed to tobacco smoke. Wheeze status was ascertained at age 5 years in 162 (77%) children with wheeze at 2 years of age. Whistle persisted in 47% of affected children, rattle in 20%, and purr in 13% (p = 0.023). At 5 years of age, asthma medication was prescribed in 40% with whistle, 11% with rattle, and 18% with purr at 2 years of age (p = 0.017).
This study shows different risk factors and outcomes for different respiratory sounds in 2-year-olds: compared with other respiratory sounds, whistle is likely to persist and require asthma treatment in future.
哮喘是一种以喘息为特征的常见病症。在幼儿中，许多不同的呼吸音被家长解读为“喘息”。
探讨2岁儿童中报告为喘息的不同呼吸音与5岁时哮喘结局之间的关系。
作为一项纵向队列研究的一部分，家长在孩子2岁和5岁时完成了呼吸问卷。报告有喘息的家长可选择将声音描述为呼噜声、咕噜声或哨声。
在接受调查的1371名2岁儿童中，210名有当前喘息，其中124名有呼噜声，49名有咕噜声，24名有哨声。2岁时有哨声的儿童其母亲患哮喘的可能性更大，有呼噜声和咕噜声的儿童接触烟草烟雾的可能性更大。在2岁时有喘息的162名（77%）儿童中，在5岁时确定了喘息状态。47%受影响儿童的哨声持续存在，20%的呼噜声持续存在，13%的咕噜声持续存在（p = 0.023）。在5岁时，2岁时有哨声的儿童中40%被开了哮喘药物，有呼噜声的为11%，有咕噜声的为18%（p = 0.017）。
本研究显示了2岁儿童不同呼吸音的不同危险因素和结局：与其他呼吸音相比，哨声可能会持续存在并在未来需要哮喘治疗。
