儿童哮喘的门诊管理
Outpatient management of asthma in children.
作者信息
Schultz André, Martin Andrew C
机构信息
School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. ; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Australia. ; Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Australia.
出版信息
Clin Med Insights Pediatr. 2013 Apr 14;7:13-24. doi: 10.4137/CMPed.S7867. Print 2013.
The principal aims of asthma management in childhood are to obtain symptom control that allows individuals to engage in unrestricted physical activities and to normalize lung function. These aims should be achieved using the fewest possible medications. Ensuring a correct diagnosis is the first priority. The mainstay of asthma management remains pharmacotherapy. Various treatment options are discussed. Asthma monitoring includes the regular assessment of asthma severity and asthma control, which then informs decisions regarding the stepping up or stepping down of therapy. Delivery systems and devices for inhaled therapy are discussed, as are the factors influencing adherence to prescribed treatment. The role of the pediatric health care provider is to establish a functional partnership with the child and their family in order to minimize the impact of asthma symptoms and exacerbations during childhood.
儿童哮喘管理的主要目标是实现症状控制，使个体能够不受限制地进行体育活动，并使肺功能恢复正常。应使用尽可能少的药物来实现这些目标。确保正确诊断是首要任务。哮喘管理的主要手段仍然是药物治疗。文中讨论了各种治疗选择。哮喘监测包括定期评估哮喘严重程度和哮喘控制情况，进而为治疗方案的升级或降级决策提供依据。文中还讨论了吸入治疗的给药系统和装置，以及影响遵医嘱治疗的因素。儿科医疗服务提供者的作用是与儿童及其家庭建立有效的合作关系，以尽量减少儿童期哮喘症状和发作的影响。
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