Bulwer Bernard E
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Crit Pathw Cardiol. 2004 Dec;3(4):184-93. doi: 10.1097/01.hpc.0000146866.02137.ab.
More than 60% of the world's population is not physically active at levels that promote health. In concert with other behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), sedentary lifestyles exact a heavy medical and economic toll on individuals and societies. Physical activity lowers all-cause mortality, reduces several risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and is a category 2 intervention that can halve cardiovascular disease risk. The benefits extend across a wide spectrum of structured as well as lifestyle physical activity levels. Models and programs aimed at translating physical activity's promise in cardiovascular prevention have been assessed, but results have been generally disappointing. A pragmatic strategy based on the "stages of change" or transtheoretical model can be effective. It incorporates self efficacy and individual initiatives, both crucial ingredients necessary to surmount the inevitable hurdles on the path towards physically active lifestyles.
全球超过60%的人口缺乏达到促进健康水平的身体活动。久坐的生活方式与心血管疾病（CVD）的其他行为风险因素共同作用，给个人和社会带来了沉重的医疗和经济负担。身体活动可降低全因死亡率，减少心血管疾病的多种风险因素，是一种能将心血管疾病风险减半的2类干预措施。这些益处涵盖了广泛的结构化身体活动以及生活方式身体活动水平。旨在将身体活动在心血管疾病预防方面的前景转化为实际成果的模型和项目已得到评估，但结果总体上令人失望。基于“行为改变阶段”或跨理论模型的务实策略可能会有效。它包含自我效能感和个人主动性，这两者都是克服迈向积极身体活动生活方式道路上不可避免的障碍所必需的关键要素。
