Douville Nicholas, Huh Dongeun, Takayama Shuichi
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2008 Aug;391(7):2395-409. doi: 10.1007/s00216-008-1995-y. Epub 2008 Mar 14.
Stretching DNA has emerged as a vital process for studying the physical and biological properties of these molecules. Over the past decade, there has been increasing research interest in utilizing nanoscale fluidic channels to confine and stretch single DNA molecules. Nanofabricated systems for linearizing DNA have revealed new and important insights into the conformation changes of DNA molecules. They also have emerged as innovative techniques for efficiently separating DNA molecules based on size and for physically mapping genetic information along the genome. This review describes physical theories of DNA linearization, current DNA stretching techniques based on nanofabricated channels, and breakthroughs resulting from the use of nanofluidic channels for DNA linearization.
拉伸DNA已成为研究这些分子物理和生物学特性的关键过程。在过去十年中，利用纳米级流体通道来限制和拉伸单个DNA分子的研究兴趣与日俱增。用于使DNA线性化的纳米制造系统揭示了DNA分子构象变化的新的重要见解。它们还成为了基于大小有效分离DNA分子以及沿基因组对遗传信息进行物理图谱绘制的创新技术。本综述描述了DNA线性化的物理理论、基于纳米制造通道的当前DNA拉伸技术，以及使用纳米流体通道进行DNA线性化所带来的突破。
