Santibáñez Claudia, Verdugo Cesar, Ginocchio Rosanna
Centro de Investigación Minera y Metalúrgica, CIMM Parque Antonio Rabat 6500, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile.
Sci Total Environ. 2008 May 20;395(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.12.033. Epub 2008 Mar 14.
A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using biosolids and Lolium perenne for the phytostabilization of copper mine tailings and to evaluate the patterns of metal accumulation and translocation in plants. Biosolids were applied either on the surface or mixed with the tailings at rates of 0, 6, and 12% w/w. All pots were seeded with L. perenne and after six months, the plants were harvested and separated into roots and shoots for metal concentrations analyses as well as some physiological characteristics of the plants. In order to correlate the metal content in plant tissues with some chemical properties, the pore-water of the substrates was analyzed for metals, pH and dissolved organic carbon. Results showed that biosolids application increased the dry biomass production of L. perenne and the shoot concentrations of N and chlorophyll. On the other hand, biosolids increased the concentration of Cu and Zn in the pore-water and in plant tissues. Despite this, there were no evident symptoms of phytotoxicity and the concentration of metals was within the normal ranges described for plants and below the maximum tolerable level for animals. In addition, plant tissue analysis showed that the application of biosolids could significantly reduce Mo uptake and shoot accumulation in plants. The metals were taken up by plants in the following order: Cu>Zn>Mo>Cd. The distribution patterns of metals in plants showed that metals were mainly accumulated in the roots and only a small amount of them were transported to the shoots. These results suggest that mixed application of biosolids (6%) and the use of L. perenne could be appropriate for use in programs of phytostabilization of copper mine tailings. However, these results should be tested under field conditions in order to confirm their efficacy under semi-arid Mediterranean climate conditions.
进行了一项温室盆栽试验，以评估使用生物固体和多年生黑麦草对铜尾矿进行植物稳定化处理的可行性，并评估植物中金属积累和转运的模式。生物固体以0%、6%和12%（w/w）的比例施用于尾矿表面或与尾矿混合。所有花盆都播种了多年生黑麦草，六个月后，收获植物并将其分为根和地上部分，用于分析金属浓度以及植物的一些生理特性。为了将植物组织中的金属含量与一些化学性质相关联，分析了基质孔隙水中的金属、pH值和溶解有机碳。结果表明，施用生物固体增加了多年生黑麦草的干生物量产量以及地上部分氮和叶绿素的浓度。另一方面，生物固体增加了孔隙水和植物组织中铜和锌的浓度。尽管如此，没有明显的植物毒性症状，金属浓度在植物描述的正常范围内，且低于动物的最大耐受水平。此外，植物组织分析表明，施用生物固体可以显著减少植物对钼的吸收和地上部分积累。植物吸收金属的顺序为：铜>锌>钼>镉。植物中金属的分布模式表明，金属主要积累在根部，只有少量金属运输到地上部分。这些结果表明，生物固体（6%）与多年生黑麦草混合施用可能适用于铜尾矿植物稳定化方案。然而，这些结果应在田间条件下进行测试，以确认其在半干旱地中海气候条件下的有效性。
