Albrecht J E, O'Brien E J
Department of Psychology, University of New Hampshire, Durham 03824.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1991 Sep;17(5):932-9. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.17.5.932.
Four experiments examined the effect of centrality on retrieval time using a wide range of testing conditions. Subjects read passages containing concepts that were rated as central, moderately central, or peripheral to a passage, and then were asked to retrieve those concepts. Experiment 1 used a probe recognition task that contained foils that were unrelated to the passage, and it was found that central concepts were recognized more quickly than peripheral concepts. In Experiment 2, the foils were passage related, resulting in a much larger recognition advantage of central concepts over peripheral concepts. Experiment 3 used a speeded-recall task. Again central concepts were recalled more quickly than less central concepts. Experiment 4 ruled out a simple strength argument. The results of all four experiments are discussed in terms of text being represented as an integrated network. Within this network, central concepts are more interconnected, providing additional access routes that facilitate retrieval.
四项实验在广泛的测试条件下研究了核心性对检索时间的影响。受试者阅读包含被评定为对一篇文章核心、中等核心或边缘的概念的段落，然后被要求检索这些概念。实验1使用了一个探测识别任务，其中包含与文章无关的干扰项，结果发现核心概念比边缘概念被更快地识别。在实验2中，干扰项与文章相关，导致核心概念相对于边缘概念有更大的识别优势。实验3使用了快速回忆任务。同样，核心概念比不太核心的概念被更快地回忆起来。实验4排除了一个简单的强度论点。所有四项实验的结果都根据文本被表示为一个整合网络来进行讨论。在这个网络中，核心概念相互连接得更紧密，提供了有助于检索的额外访问路径。
