Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 S. Race St., Denver, CO 80208, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2011 Jul;39(5):873-83. doi: 10.3758/s13421-010-0062-z.
This study replicated and extended a phenomenon in the text memory literature referred to as the centrality deficit Miller & Keenan (Annals of Dyslexia 59:99-113, 2009). It examined how reading in a foreign language (L2) affects one's text representation and ability to recall the most important information. Readers recalled a greater proportion of central than of peripheral ideas, regardless of whether reading in their native language (L1) or a foreign language (L2). Nonetheless, the greatest deficit in participants' L2 recalls, as compared with L1 recalls, was on the central, rather than the peripheral, information. This centrality deficit appears to stem from resources being diverted from comprehension when readers have to devote more cognitive resources to lower level processes (e.g., L2 word identification and syntactic processing), because the deficit was most evident among readers who had lower L2 proficiency. Prior knowledge (PK) of the passage topic helped compensate for the centrality deficit. Readers with less L2 proficiency who did not have PK of the topic displayed a centrality deficit, relative to their L1 recall, but this deficit dissipated when they did possess PK.
本研究复制并扩展了文本记忆文献中的一个现象，称为中心性缺陷（Miller & Keenan，《阅读障碍学年鉴》59:99-113，2009）。它考察了阅读外语（L2）如何影响一个人的文本表示和回忆最重要信息的能力。读者回忆起的中心思想比例大于外围思想，无论他们是用母语（L1）还是外语（L2）阅读。尽管如此，与 L1 回忆相比，参与者在 L2 回忆中最大的缺陷是在中心思想上，而不是在外围思想上。这种中心性缺陷似乎源于当读者不得不投入更多认知资源来处理较低层次的过程（例如，L2 单词识别和句法处理）时，资源从理解中转移出来，因为这种缺陷在 L2 水平较低的读者中最为明显。对文章主题的先验知识（PK）有助于弥补中心性缺陷。那些 L2 水平较低且不具备主题 PK 的读者相对于 L1 回忆表现出中心性缺陷，但当他们具备 PK 时，这种缺陷就会消失。
