Wheeler Daniel S, Miller Ralph R
Johns Hopkins University, USA.
Behav Processes. 2008 Jun;78(2):191-203. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2008.02.002. Epub 2008 Feb 8.
In a Pavlovian conditioning situation, there are many training variables that may affect responding to a conditioned stimulus (CS), such as contiguity, contingency, and the presence of other CSs. This review describes recent experiments that show that some manipulations that usually decrease responding to a CS may have the opposite effect when they are combined with other normally pernicious manipulations. A theoretical framework that explains these so-called counteraction effects is provided. The apparent boundary conditions on the effects and limitations of the theory are discussed.
在巴甫洛夫条件作用情境中，有许多训练变量可能会影响对条件刺激（CS）的反应，比如接近性、关联性以及其他条件刺激的存在。本综述描述了近期的实验，这些实验表明，一些通常会降低对条件刺激反应的操作，当与其他通常有害的操作相结合时，可能会产生相反的效果。文中提供了一个解释这些所谓反作用效应的理论框架。讨论了该效应的明显边界条件以及该理论的局限性。
