Oberste M S
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop G-17, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2008;323:33-47. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-75546-3_2.
Genomic analysis of the group B coxsackieviruses (CVB) has improved our understanding of CVB evolution, epidemiology, and pathogenesis. Comparison of capsid sequence alignments and virion structures allows correlation of capsid diversity with surface features, such as loops, the receptor canyon, and antigenic sites. Pairwise sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses can be used to rapidly identify and classify enteroviruses. Enteroviruses are monophyletic by type only within the capsid region. The CVBs as a group are monophyletic in the capsid region, probably due to their shared use of the coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor (other members of HEV-B use different receptors). Outside the capsid region, enteroviruses are monophyletic only by species (not by type), reflecting a high frequency of intertypic recombination within a species. Further genomic studies, accompanied by well-characterized clinical outcome/disease data, will facilitate fine-scale mapping of genetic determinants that contribute to virulence.
B组柯萨奇病毒（CVB）的基因组分析增进了我们对CVB进化、流行病学和发病机制的理解。衣壳序列比对和病毒粒子结构的比较能够将衣壳多样性与表面特征（如环、受体峡谷和抗原位点）联系起来。成对序列比较和系统发育分析可用于快速鉴定和分类肠道病毒。肠道病毒仅在衣壳区域内按型别形成单系群。作为一个群体，CVB在衣壳区域内是单系群，这可能是由于它们共同使用柯萨奇病毒-腺病毒受体（戊型肝炎病毒B的其他成员使用不同的受体）。在衣壳区域之外，肠道病毒仅按种形成单系群（而非按型别），这反映出一个种内型间重组的频率很高。进一步的基因组研究，辅以特征明确的临床结局/疾病数据，将有助于对导致毒力的遗传决定因素进行精细定位。
