Mitte Kristin
Department of Psychology, University of Jena, Humboldstr. 11, 07743 Jena, Germany.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2008 Dec;39(4):577-86. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2008.01.005. Epub 2008 Feb 8.
Mechanisms by which trait-disgust, i.e. relatively stable individual differences in disgust proneness, affects anxious psychopathology are not well understood. A possible pathway might be the impact of trait-disgust on cognitive processes, which are involved in the anxiety disorders. The present study extends findings on interpretational and attentional bias by investigating the judgmental bias. Based on theories on disgust, it was assumed that trait-disgust is related to predictions of catching a disease. The present study examined the likelihood of becoming ill, the probability of avoidance behaviour, and the urge to wash in relation to disgust-sensitivity, disgust propensity, fear of contamination, and general anxiety using real-life scenarios. Results suggest that disgust-sensitivity makes a unique contribution to a judgmental bias additionally to fear of contamination and even when controlling general anxiety. Future research concerning the causal direction of this bias is warranted.
特质厌恶，即厌恶倾向方面相对稳定的个体差异，影响焦虑心理病理学的机制尚未得到充分理解。一条可能的途径可能是特质厌恶对认知过程的影响，而认知过程与焦虑症有关。本研究通过调查判断偏差扩展了关于解释性和注意偏差的研究结果。基于厌恶理论，假设特质厌恶与感染疾病的预测有关。本研究使用现实生活场景，考察了患病可能性、回避行为的概率以及与厌恶敏感性、厌恶倾向、对污染的恐惧和一般焦虑相关的洗涤冲动。结果表明，厌恶敏感性除了对污染恐惧之外，甚至在控制一般焦虑时，也对判断偏差有独特的贡献。关于这种偏差因果方向的未来研究是有必要的。
