Smith F G, Smith B A, Guillery E N, Robillard J E
Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
J Clin Invest. 1991 Dec;88(6):1988-94. doi: 10.1172/JCI115525.
To determine the role of renal sympathetic nerves in influencing renal function during the transition from fetal to newborn life, studies were carried out in conscious, chronically instrumented fetal sheep with either bilateral renal denervation (n = 11) or intact renal nerves (n = 12), 3-6 d after surgery. Endocrine, renal, and cardiovascular parameters were measured before and after delivery of lambs by cesarean section. Blood pressure and heart rate were similar in intact and denervated fetuses, and increased after delivery in both groups. There was also a transient diuresis and natriuresis, in the immediate postnatal period, the response being significantly greater in denervated than intact lambs (P less than 0.05). By 24 h postnatally, fluid and electrolyte excretions were similar in both groups, and significantly less than fetal levels. In the absence of renal nerves, the normal rise in plasma renin activity at birth was attenuated. These data provide evidence that renal sympathetic nerves play an important role during the transition from fetal to newborn life, and support the premise that birth is associated with sympathetic activation.
为了确定肾交感神经在从胎儿期到新生儿期转变过程中对肾功能的影响，对术后3 - 6天的清醒、长期植入仪器的胎羊进行了研究，这些胎羊分为双侧肾去神经组（n = 11）和肾神经完整组（n = 12）。通过剖宫产分娩羔羊前后，测量其内分泌、肾脏和心血管参数。完整和去神经的胎儿血压和心率相似，两组在分娩后均升高。出生后即刻还出现短暂的利尿和利钠，去神经羔羊的反应明显大于完整羔羊（P < 0.05）。出生后24小时，两组的液体和电解质排泄相似，且明显低于胎儿水平。在没有肾神经的情况下，出生时血浆肾素活性的正常升高减弱。这些数据证明肾交感神经在从胎儿期到新生儿期的转变过程中起重要作用，并支持出生与交感神经激活相关的前提。
