Rasmussen Kirsten, Levander Sten
Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway.
J Atten Disord. 2009 Jan;12(4):353-60. doi: 10.1177/1087054708314621. Epub 2008 Mar 26.
To analyze sex differences among adult, never-treated patients referred for central stimulant treatment of ADHD.
Data for 600 consecutive patients from northern Norway referred for evaluation by an expert team during 7 years were analyzed. General background information, diagnostic and social history, and symptom profiles were compared between previously never-treated men and women.
The sex ratio was skewed. Of the previously untreated patients, more than 20% fell outside society's ordinary vocational activities or social benefit system. Most patients had the combined form, one third the inattentive type, and only 2% the hyperactive/impulsive subtype. Abuse and criminality were more common among men, and affective, eating, and somatization disorders were more common among women. Otherwise few sex differences were found.
AD/HD symptom intensity and subtypes did not differ between the sexes and was unrelated to age. Symptom intensity was linked with criminality, abuse, and other psychiatric problems, differentially for the two sexes.
分析因注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）接受中枢兴奋剂治疗的成年未治疗患者中的性别差异。
对挪威北部连续7年由专家团队转诊进行评估的600例患者的数据进行分析。比较了既往未治疗的男性和女性的一般背景信息、诊断和社会史以及症状特征。
性别比例不均衡。在既往未治疗的患者中，超过20%的人脱离了社会正常职业活动或社会福利体系。大多数患者为混合型，三分之一为注意力不集中型，仅2%为多动/冲动亚型。男性中滥用药物和犯罪更为常见，女性中情感、饮食和躯体化障碍更为常见。除此之外，未发现明显性别差异。
AD/HD症状强度和亚型在性别之间无差异，且与年龄无关。症状强度与犯罪、滥用药物及其他精神问题相关，且在两性中存在差异。
