Solyanikova Inna P, Travkin Vasilii M, Rybkina Darja O, Plotnikova Elena G, Golovleva Ludmila A
Skryabin' Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2008 Mar-Apr;43(3):241-52. doi: 10.1080/03601230701771180.
The present review describes some aspects of organization of biodegradative pathways of Nocardioform microorganisms, first of all, with respect to their ability to degrade aromatic compounds, mostly methylbenzoate, chlorosubstituted phenols, and chlorinated biphenyls and the intermediates of their transformation: 4-chlorobenzoate and para-hydroxybenzoate. Various enzyme systems induced during degradation processes are defined. The ability of microorganisms to induce a few key enzymes under the influence of xenobiotics is described. This ability may increase the biodegradative potential of strains allowing them to survive in the changing environment or demonstrate to some extent the unspecific response of microorganisms to the effect of toxicants. Nocardioform microorganisms responsible for degradation of such persistent compounds as polychlorinated biphenyls, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated benzoates and phenols and other xenobiotics are characterized. The possibility of using Nocardioform microorganisms in some aspects of biotechnology due to their ability to produce some compounds important for industry is also estimated.
本综述描述了诺卡氏菌型微生物生物降解途径的组织方面，首先是关于它们降解芳香族化合物的能力，主要是甲基苯甲酸酯、氯代酚和氯代联苯及其转化中间体：4-氯苯甲酸酯和对羟基苯甲酸酯。定义了降解过程中诱导产生的各种酶系统。描述了微生物在外源化合物影响下诱导几种关键酶的能力。这种能力可能会增加菌株的生物降解潜力，使其能够在不断变化的环境中生存，或者在一定程度上证明微生物对毒物作用的非特异性反应。对负责降解多氯联苯、多环芳烃、氯代苯甲酸酯和酚类等持久性化合物以及其他外源化合物的诺卡氏菌型微生物进行了表征。还评估了由于诺卡氏菌型微生物能够产生一些对工业重要的化合物而在生物技术某些方面使用它们的可能性。
