Varga Zsuzsa
Debreceni Egyetem Orvos- és Egészségtudományi Centrum, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar Belgyógyászati Intézet, I. Belgyógyászati Klinika, ebrecen.
Orv Hetil. 2008 Apr 6;149(14):627-37. doi: 10.1556/OH.2008.28296.
Cardioprotective action of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid in fish and alpha-linolenic acid in plants was demonstrated in primary and secondary clinical trials. Fish oil therapy causes a marked decrease in serum triacylglycerol and very low density lipoprotein levels and increases moderately high density lipoprotein levels without any adverse effects. Omega-3 fatty acids decrease slightly, but significantly blood pressure, enhance endothelial function, they have anti-aggregator, anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory effects as well. These beneficial effects are in connection with modification of gene transcription levels of some key molecules such as nuclear factor-kappaB and sterol element binding receptor protein-1c, which regulate for example expression of adhesion molecules or several receptors involved in triglyceride synthesis (hepatocyte X receptor, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha, farnesol X receptor, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors). On the basis of these observations, the supplementation of the diet with omega-3 fatty acids (fish, fish oil, linseed, and linseed oil or canola oil) is advisable in primary and secondary prevention.
在一级和二级临床试验中已证实，鱼类中的二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸等ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸以及植物中的α-亚麻酸具有心脏保护作用。鱼油疗法可使血清三酰甘油和极低密度脂蛋白水平显著降低，并适度提高高密度脂蛋白水平，且无任何不良反应。ω-3脂肪酸可使血压略有但显著下降，增强内皮功能，还具有抗聚集、抗血栓形成和抗炎作用。这些有益作用与某些关键分子（如核因子-κB和固醇调节元件结合受体蛋白-1c）的基因转录水平改变有关，这些分子可调节例如黏附分子或参与甘油三酯合成的几种受体（肝X受体、肝细胞核因子4α、法尼醇X受体和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体）的表达。基于这些观察结果，在一级和二级预防中，建议在饮食中补充ω-3脂肪酸（鱼类、鱼油、亚麻籽、亚麻籽油或菜籽油）。
