Piazzi A, Bollino G, Mattioli S
Istituto Italiano di Medicina Sociale, Roma.
Med Lav. 1991 Mar-Apr;82(2):122-30.
The truck driver's work requires sitting in a fixed posture for prolonged periods when driving. Such conditions involve exposure to whole body vibrations. In addition, during loading and unloading operations, often done by hand, there is a further excess load on the spine. The paper presents the results of an investigation on the frequency of spinal disorders among self-employed truck drivers. A total of 606 truck drivers belonging to a trade union were interviewed and 63 subjects using the methods proposed by the "Ergonomics of Posture and Movement Research Unit" of the "Clinica del Lavoro" of Milan were examined. There was an elevated frequency of herniated disk and the risk was 4 times higher compared to the control population. The frequency of functional spondyloarthropathy of the cervical and lumbar segments was particularly high, especially in the older age classes (71.4% and 35.7%). The authors conclude that disease of the lumbar spine leads in a very large number of cases to permanent working incapacity among truck drivers before pensionable age.
卡车司机的工作要求在驾驶时长时间保持固定姿势。这种情况会使人受到全身振动的影响。此外，在装卸货物（通常是手工操作）过程中，脊柱还会承受额外的负荷。本文介绍了一项针对个体经营卡车司机脊柱疾病发生频率的调查结果。研究共采访了606名工会成员卡车司机，并采用米兰“劳动临床医院”“姿势与运动研究单位人体工程学”提出的方法对63名受试者进行了检查。椎间盘突出症的发生频率较高，与对照组人群相比，患病风险高出4倍。颈椎和腰椎节段功能性脊椎关节病的发生频率尤其高，尤其是在年龄较大的人群中（分别为71.4%和35.7%）。作者得出结论，腰椎疾病在很多情况下会导致卡车司机在未到可领取养老金年龄之前就永久丧失工作能力。
