Nordin James D, Kasimow Sophie, Levitt Mary Jeanne, Goodman Michael J
HealthPartners Research Foundation, PO Box 1524 MS 21111R, Minneapolis, MN 55440-1524, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2008 May;98(5):802-7. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2007.113332. Epub 2008 Apr 1.
The threat of bioterrorism in the wake of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks cannot be ignored. Syndromic surveillance, the practice of electronically monitoring and reporting real-time medical data to proactively identify unusual disease patterns, highlights the conflict between safeguarding public health while protecting individual privacy. Both the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act and the Common Rule (which promulgates protections for individuals in federally sponsored medical research programs) safeguard individuals. Public health law protects the entire populace; uneven state-level implementation lacks adequate privacy protections. We propose 3 models for a nationwide bioterrorism surveillance review process: a nationally coordinated systems approach to using protected health information, creating public health information privacy boards, expanding institutional review boards, or some combination of these.
2001年9月11日恐怖袭击事件后,生物恐怖主义的威胁不容忽视。症状监测,即通过电子方式监测和报告实时医疗数据以主动识别异常疾病模式的做法,凸显了在保障公众健康与保护个人隐私之间的冲突。《健康保险流通与责任法案》和《共同规则》(该规则为联邦资助的医学研究项目中的个人提供保护)都保护个人。公共卫生法保护全体民众;各州实施情况参差不齐,缺乏足够的隐私保护措施。我们提出了三种全国性生物恐怖主义监测审查程序的模式:一种全国协调的系统方法,用于使用受保护的健康信息、设立公共卫生信息隐私委员会、扩大机构审查委员会,或这些方法的某种组合。