Blechner Barbara, Butera Adam
Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, MC 6325, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
Conn Med. 2002 Feb;66(2):91-5.
When it enacted The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, Congress mandated establishment of privacy regulations covering individual health information. Title II of HIPAA, the Privacy Rule that became effective on April 14, 2001, offers Americans the first-ever set of comprehensive protections against the unintended and/or inappropriate disclosure of personal health information. Provisions of the Privacy Rule and its associated regulations include patient control over the use of health information, patient rights to information on the disclosure policies of the health-care provider, patient rights to review and amend one's medical information, standards for limiting the scope of data disclosed to other health-care providers, and penalties for noncompliance with the law. This paper presents a summary of the need for protection of personal health information and an overview of the provisions of this legislative foundation for protecting personal health records--the HIPAA Privacy Rule.
1996年国会颁布《健康保险流通与责任法案》时，规定要制定涵盖个人健康信息的隐私法规。《健康保险流通与责任法案》第二章的《隐私规则》于2001年4月14日生效，为美国人提供了有史以来第一套全面保护措施，防止个人健康信息被意外和/或不当披露。《隐私规则》及其相关法规的条款包括患者对健康信息使用的控制权、患者获取医疗服务提供者信息披露政策的权利、患者查阅和修改自己医疗信息的权利、限制向其他医疗服务提供者披露数据范围的标准，以及对违法违规行为的处罚。本文概述了保护个人健康信息的必要性，并概述了这一保护个人健康记录的立法基础——《健康保险流通与责任法案》隐私规则的各项条款。
