Chen Shih-Jen, Cheng Ching-Yu, Peng Kai-Ling, Li An-Fei, Hsu Wen-Ming, Liu Jorn-Hon, Chou Pesus
Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008 Jul;49(7):3126-33. doi: 10.1167/iovs.08-1803. Epub 2008 Apr 4.
To assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in an elderly Chinese population in Taiwan.
The Shihpai Eye Study was a survey of vision and ocular disease in an elderly Chinese population 65 years of age or older residing in Shihpai, Taipei, Taiwan. Of 2045 elderly residents randomly sampled from the household registration databank, 1361 (66.6%) underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination that included fundus color slides by fundus camera after pupil dilatation. Photographs were graded according to the Wisconsin Age-Related Maculopathy Grading System.
Fundus photographs were available for 1105 (54.0% in the eligible, 81.2% in the ocular examined) participants. The 47 (4.3%) participants who had ungradable fundus images were older and had more lens opacity. Of the 1058 gradable photographs, the prevalence of early AMD was 9.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.8-10.8); of late AMD, 1.9% (95% CI, 1.3-2.7); of soft drusen, 42.2% (95% CI, 39.7-44.8); of soft indistinct drusen, 4.1% (95% CI, 3.1-5.2); and of any pigmentary change, 8.6% (95% CI, 7.2-10.2). Age was the most significant factor associated with both early and late AMD. The prevalence of early AMD rose from 5.0% in the 65- to 69-year age group to 24.4% in those 80 years of age and older; and for late AMD, from 1.0% to 9.0%. Those who currently drank alcohol had a lower rate of early AMD than did the nondrinker (adjusted odd ratio 0.32, 95% CI: 0.11-0.93, P = 0.037).
AMD is a common eye disease in the elderly Chinese people in Taiwan. The adjusted prevalence rate of exudative AMD is comparable to that in the Chinese people in the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) in the United States but is higher than in the Chinese people in the Beijing study in China. Further studies are needed to clarify the incidence and associated risk factors.
评估台湾老年华人人群中年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）的患病率及相关危险因素。
石牌眼科研究是一项针对居住在台湾台北石牌、年龄在65岁及以上的老年华人人群的视力和眼病调查。从户籍数据库中随机抽取2045名老年居民，其中1361人（66.6%）接受了详细的眼科检查，包括散瞳后用眼底照相机拍摄眼底彩色幻灯片。照片根据威斯康星年龄相关性黄斑病变分级系统进行分级。
1105名参与者（符合条件者中的54.0%，接受眼科检查者中的81.2%）有眼底照片。47名（4.3%）参与者的眼底图像无法分级，他们年龄更大且晶状体混浊更多。在1058张可分级照片中，早期AMD的患病率为9.2%（95%置信区间[CI]，7.8 - 10.8）；晚期AMD为1.9%（95%CI，1.3 - 2.7）；软性玻璃膜疣为42.2%（95%CI，39.7 - 44.8）；软性边界不清玻璃膜疣为4.1%（95%CI，3.1 - 5.2）；任何色素改变为8.6%（95%CI，7.2 - 10.2）。年龄是与早期和晚期AMD相关的最显著因素。早期AMD的患病率从65至69岁年龄组的5.0%上升至80岁及以上人群的24.4%；晚期AMD则从1.0%升至9.0%。当前饮酒者的早期AMD发生率低于不饮酒者（调整后的比值比为0.32，95%CI：0.11 - 0.93，P = 0.037）。
AMD是台湾老年华人中的一种常见眼病。渗出性AMD的调整患病率与美国多民族动脉粥样硬化研究（MESA）中的华人相当，但高于中国北京研究中的华人。需要进一步研究以阐明其发病率及相关危险因素。
