Huang E J-C, Wu S-H, Lai C-H, Kuo C-N, Wu P-L, Chen C-L, Chen C-Y, King Y-C, Wu P-C
1] Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Chiayi, Chiayi, Taiwan [2] Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
1] Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital- Chiayi, Chiayi, Taiwan [2] Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan [3] Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan.
Eye (Lond). 2014 Jun;28(6):705-14. doi: 10.1038/eye.2014.55. Epub 2014 Mar 14.
This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of and the risk factors associated with early and late age-related macular degeneration (AMD) among Chinese individuals aged ≥65 years residing in Puzih, Taiwan.
This population-based cross-sectional study graded digital colour photographs of the ocular fundus of 673 individuals using the Wisconsin Age-Related Maculopathy Grading System. We compared the characteristics of individuals with early and late AMD using χ(2)-analyses and described risk factors for early and late AMD using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
Individuals with late AMD were significantly older and more likely to have hypertension. Further, their sunlight exposure time was longer than that of those with early AMD, only drusen, or no AMD lesions (P<0.01). A history of hyperlipidaemia for >10 years was a significant risk factor for early AMD, while old age, hypertension for >10 years, and exposure to sunlight for >8 h per day were associated with late AMD.
The prevalence rate of early AMD in the present study was 15.0%, which is similar to that reported for Caucasians and Japanese included in the European Eye Study and the Hisayama Study, respectively. The late AMD prevalence rate of 7.3% found among our study participants was comparable to that reported by the Greenland Inuit Eye Study and Reykjavik Study, but considerably lower than that reported for Caucasians, indicating that late AMD might be less prevalent among Asians than Caucasians.
本研究旨在确定居住在台湾朴子市年龄≥65岁的中国人群中早发性和迟发性年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）的患病率及其相关危险因素。
这项基于人群的横断面研究使用威斯康星年龄相关性黄斑病变分级系统对673名个体的眼底数码彩色照片进行分级。我们使用χ²分析比较了早发性和迟发性AMD个体的特征，并使用优势比和95%置信区间描述了早发性和迟发性AMD的危险因素。
迟发性AMD个体年龄显著更大，更有可能患有高血压。此外，他们的阳光暴露时间比早发性AMD个体、仅有玻璃膜疣个体或无AMD病变个体更长（P<0.01）。高脂血症病史超过10年是早发性AMD的一个重要危险因素，而高龄、高血压病史超过10年以及每天阳光暴露超过8小时与迟发性AMD相关。
本研究中早发性AMD的患病率为15.0%，分别与欧洲眼研究和久山研究中纳入的白种人和日本人的患病率相似。我们研究参与者中迟发性AMD的患病率为7.3%，与格陵兰因纽特人眼研究和雷克雅未克研究报告的患病率相当，但远低于白种人报告的患病率，表明迟发性AMD在亚洲人中的患病率可能低于白种人。
