Davoust Nathalie, Vuaillat Carine, Androdias Geraldine, Nataf Serge
INSERM U851, IFR Biosciences, University of Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France.
Trends Immunol. 2008 May;29(5):227-34. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2008.01.010. Epub 2008 Apr 7.
Microglia form a unique population of brain-resident macrophages. Although microglia have been involved in multiple disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), the issue of microglial renewal, under normal or pathological conditions, has been controversial. In mice, results from bone marrow chimera studies indicated that microglia are slowly but continuously replenished by bone marrow-derived cells. Moreover, such a microglial turnover was found to be greatly accelerated under multiple neurological conditions. However, recent works questioned the use of irradiation/reconstitution experiments to assess microglial turnover. Based on these different studies, we propose here a re-evaluation of microglia origin(s) in the inflamed CNS. We also discuss the therapeutic perspectives offered by the demonstration of an adult microglial lineage, from bone marrow to brain.
小胶质细胞构成了一类独特的脑内常驻巨噬细胞群体。尽管小胶质细胞已被证实与中枢神经系统（CNS）的多种疾病有关，但在正常或病理条件下小胶质细胞的更新问题一直存在争议。在小鼠中，骨髓嵌合体研究结果表明，小胶质细胞由骨髓来源的细胞缓慢但持续地补充。此外，人们发现，在多种神经疾病状态下，这种小胶质细胞的更新会大大加速。然而，最近的研究对使用辐照/重建实验来评估小胶质细胞更新提出了质疑。基于这些不同的研究，我们在此提议对炎症性中枢神经系统中小胶质细胞的起源进行重新评估。我们还将讨论从骨髓到脑的成年小胶质细胞谱系的证实所带来的治疗前景。
