P2 受体介导的神经递质释放调制——更新。
P2 receptor-mediated modulation of neurotransmitter release-an update.
机构信息
Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 67, Budapest, 1450, Hungary,
出版信息
Purinergic Signal. 2007 Sep;3(4):269-84. doi: 10.1007/s11302-007-9080-0. Epub 2007 Oct 9.
Abstract
Presynaptic nerve terminals are equipped with a number of presynaptic auto- and heteroreceptors, including ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2Y receptors. P2 receptors serve as modulation sites of transmitter release by ATP and other nucleotides released by neuronal activity and pathological signals. A wide variety of P2X and P2Y receptors expressed at pre- and postsynaptic sites as well as in glial cells are involved directly or indirectly in the modulation of neurotransmitter release. Nucleotides are released from synaptic and nonsynaptic sites throughout the nervous system and might reach concentrations high enough to activate these receptors. By providing a fine-tuning mechanism these receptors also offer attractive sites for pharmacotherapy in nervous system diseases. Here we review the rapidly emerging data on the modulation of transmitter release by facilitatory and inhibitory P2 receptors and the receptor subtypes involved in these interactions.
摘要
突触前神经末梢配备了许多突触前自受体和异源受体，包括离子型 P2X 和代谢型 P2Y 受体。P2 受体是神经元活动和病理信号释放的 ATP 和其他核苷酸调节递质释放的作用位点。广泛表达于突触前和突触后部位以及神经胶质细胞的 P2X 和 P2Y 受体直接或间接地参与了递质释放的调节。核苷酸从整个神经系统的突触和非突触部位释放出来，其浓度可能高到足以激活这些受体。通过提供精细的调节机制，这些受体也为神经系统疾病的药物治疗提供了有吸引力的靶点。在这里，我们综述了关于促进和抑制性 P2 受体调节递质释放的最新数据，以及参与这些相互作用的受体亚型。
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