Hinkley Trina, Crawford David, Salmon Jo, Okely Anthony D, Hesketh Kylie
Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia.
Am J Prev Med. 2008 May;34(5):435-441. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.02.001.
Several reviews have summarized the research on correlates of older children's and adolescents' physical activity behaviors, but none have been published on preschool children. Over the past 27 years, a number of studies have investigated the correlates of preschool children's physical activity behaviors. It is timely and necessary to review the extant literature in this area. This paper reviews articles investigating correlates of preschool children's physical activity behaviors published in peer-reviewed journals between 1980 and March 2007.
A literature search was conducted to identify studies that investigated correlates of preschool children's physical activity. Data were collected and analyzed in 2007.
Twenty-four articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria. From those articles, 39 variables were identified across five domains. Results showed that boys were more active than girls, that children with active parents tended to be more active, and that children who spent more time outdoors were more active than children who spent less time outdoors. Age and BMI were consistently shown to have no association with preschool children's physical activity. Other variables produced largely inconclusive results.
The influences on the physical activity behaviors of preschool children are multidimensional. Further research is required to enhance an understanding of these influences.
已有多篇综述总结了关于大龄儿童和青少年身体活动行为相关因素的研究，但尚无针对学龄前儿童的此类综述发表。在过去27年里，有多项研究调查了学龄前儿童身体活动行为的相关因素。对该领域现有文献进行综述既及时又必要。本文综述了1980年至2007年3月期间发表在同行评审期刊上的、关于学龄前儿童身体活动行为相关因素的文章。
进行文献检索以确定调查学龄前儿童身体活动相关因素的研究。2007年收集并分析数据。
共识别出24篇符合纳入标准的文章。从这些文章中，在五个领域识别出39个变量。结果显示，男孩比女孩更活跃，父母活跃的孩子往往也更活跃，在户外花费更多时间的孩子比在户外花费时间较少的孩子更活跃。年龄和体重指数一直显示与学龄前儿童的身体活动无关。其他变量大多得出不确定的结果。
对学龄前儿童身体活动行为的影响是多维度的。需要进一步开展研究以增进对这些影响的理解。
