Bermejo-Cantarero Alberto, Segovia Yessica, Redondo-Tébar Andrés, Díez-Fernández Ana, Visier-Alfonso María Eugenia, Sánchez-López Mairena
Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios (CESS), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, España.
Facultad de Enfermería de Ciudad Real, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, España.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jul 3;25(1):2337. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23429-1.
There is evidence of a negative association between excessive screen time and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and a positive association between higher levels of physical activity (PA) and HRQoL. However, research focusing on early childhood, a crucial period of development, and the formation and reinforcement of habits for long-term health outcomes remains scarce. This study examined the relationship between screen time and PA with HRQoL, after controlling for relevant confounders such as socioeconomic status (SES) and weight status in Spanish preschoolers.
A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using baseline data from the MOVI-HIIT study, which included 494 children aged 4-5 years from 9 schools in Ciudad Real, Spain. HRQoL was assessed using KINDL-R questionnaires completed by both children and parents. Screen time and PA were estimated through parental questionnaires and categorized according to international guidelines. Body mass index (BMI) and SES were included as covariates. Partial correlations and covariance analyses were performed.
Among the participants, 68.6% adhered to the recommendation of ≤ 1 h/day of screen time, while 87.2% met the PA guideline of ≥ 180 min/day. Children exceeding screen time recommendations reported lower overall HRQoL, particularly among girls, even after adjusting for BMI, SES, and PA. Conversely, children meeting PA guidelines exhibited higher parent-reported overall HRQoL scores.
Meeting recommendations of ≤ 1 h/day of screen time and ≥ 180 min/day of PA is associated with better HRQoL scores in 4- to 5-year-olds, with gender-specific differences. Interventions should promote healthy habits from early childhood, incorporating a gender perspective and emphasizing equitable physical activities and digital content monitoring.
有证据表明，屏幕使用时间过长与健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）呈负相关，而较高水平的身体活动（PA）与HRQoL呈正相关。然而，针对幼儿期这一关键发育时期以及长期健康结果的习惯形成与强化的研究仍然匮乏。本研究在控制西班牙学龄前儿童的社会经济地位（SES）和体重状况等相关混杂因素后，考察了屏幕使用时间和PA与HRQoL之间的关系。
使用来自MOVI-HIIT研究的基线数据进行横断面分析，该研究纳入了西班牙雷阿尔城9所学校的494名4至5岁儿童。HRQoL通过儿童和家长填写的KINDL-R问卷进行评估。屏幕使用时间和PA通过家长问卷进行估计，并根据国际指南进行分类。体重指数（BMI）和SES作为协变量纳入。进行了偏相关和协方差分析。
在参与者中，68.6%的人遵守了每天屏幕使用时间≤1小时的建议，而87.2%的人达到了每天≥180分钟的PA指南。即使在调整了BMI、SES和PA之后，超过屏幕使用时间建议的儿童报告的总体HRQoL较低，尤其是女孩。相反，达到PA指南的儿童在家长报告的总体HRQoL得分上更高。
4至5岁儿童遵守每天屏幕使用时间≤1小时和每天PA≥180分钟的建议与更好的HRQoL得分相关，且存在性别差异。干预措施应从幼儿期开始促进健康习惯，纳入性别视角，并强调公平的体育活动和数字内容监测。
