Hardy Louise L, Okely Anthony D, Dobbins Timothy A, Booth Michael L
NSW Centre of Overweight and Obesity, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008 May;40(5):835-41. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318163f286.
To examine secular trends, seasonal and socioeconomic differences in physical activity participation among Australian adolescents in 1997 and 2004.
Repeat cross-sectional school survey, conducted in 1997 and 2004. School students were randomly selected from grades 8 and 10 in New South Wales Australia (1997, N = 2026; 2004 N = 1771). Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed by self-reported participation in organized and nonorganized physical activity separately for summer and winter by sex, grade, and socioeconomic status (SES).
Between survey periods, the proportion of students reporting > or = 60 min.d(-1) of MVPA increased, except among grade 10 boys during winter. MVPA (min.d(-1)) increased among all groups during summer school terms, during winter school terms, MVPA was relatively stable between surveys for grade 8 students but inconsistent among grade 10 students. Organized MVPA increased among all groups in both summer (19-49 min.d(-1)) and winter (7-21 min.d(-1)) school terms. Participation in nonorganized MVPA increased only during summer school terms (4-32 min.d(-1)) and decreased during winter school terms (7-17 min.d(-1)). MVPA increased consistently among students in the high-SES group compared with other SES groups, independent of season, and in some cases MVPA decreased in low-SES groups during winter school terms.
Overall, the patterns of change were similar for boys and girls, with substantial increases in summer school terms and insubstantial changes during winter school terms (with the exception of a decrease among grade 10 boys). There was a direct association between change in participation in MVPA and SES, indicating that interventions are required to focus on the needs of less-advantaged students.
研究1997年和2004年澳大利亚青少年体育活动参与情况的长期趋势、季节性差异和社会经济差异。
于1997年和2004年进行重复横断面学校调查。从澳大利亚新南威尔士州8年级和10年级的学生中随机抽取样本（1997年，N = 2026；2004年，N = 1771）。通过自我报告参与有组织和无组织体育活动的时间来评估中度至剧烈体育活动（MVPA）的时长，分别按性别、年级和社会经济地位（SES）对夏季和冬季进行统计。
在两次调查期间，报告每天进行≥60分钟MVPA的学生比例有所增加，但10年级男生在冬季除外。在夏季学期，所有组的MVPA（分钟/天）均增加；在冬季学期，8年级学生的MVPA在两次调查之间相对稳定，而10年级学生则不一致。在夏季（19 - 49分钟/天）和冬季（7 - 21分钟/天）学期，所有组的有组织MVPA均增加。无组织MVPA的参与仅在夏季学期增加（4 - 32分钟/天），而在冬季学期减少（7 - 17分钟/天）。与其他SES组相比，高SES组学生的MVPA持续增加，不受季节影响，在某些情况下，低SES组学生在冬季学期的MVPA减少。
总体而言，男孩和女孩的变化模式相似，夏季学期大幅增加，冬季学期变化不大（10年级男生减少除外）。MVPA参与度的变化与SES之间存在直接关联，表明需要针对处境不利学生的需求进行干预。
