Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037-0985, USA.
Depress Anxiety. 2008;25(4):348-56. doi: 10.1002/da.20499.
Neuroimaging comprises a set of tools, which include different types of magnetic resonance imaging such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL), and radiotracer imaging such as positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography. The focus of this review is to address the question whether fMRI can contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders. Key anxiety processes and neural substrates are reviewed. The main findings and shortcomings of fMRI in the context of anxiety are briefly summarized. Finally, the next stages of developing fMRI for diagnosis and treatment are highlighted. The main conclusion of this review is that fMRI could become a clinical tool for the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders, but neuroimaging groups will need to better develop its specificity and sensitivity so that fMRI results can be meaningful for an individual patient not just for groups of individuals.
神经影像学包括一组工具,其中包括不同类型的磁共振成像,如功能磁共振成像(fMRI)、磁共振波谱(MRS)、动脉自旋标记(ASL),以及放射性示踪剂成像,如正电子发射断层扫描和单光子发射计算机断层扫描。本综述的重点是探讨 fMRI 是否有助于焦虑症的诊断和治疗。本文回顾了关键的焦虑过程和神经基础。简要总结了 fMRI 在焦虑症背景下的主要发现和局限性。最后,强调了为诊断和治疗开发 fMRI 的下一阶段。本综述的主要结论是,fMRI 可能成为焦虑症诊断和治疗的临床工具,但神经影像学研究组需要更好地提高其特异性和敏感性,以便 fMRI 结果对个体患者有意义,而不仅仅是对个体患者群体有意义。