酒精平均摄入量与暴饮结合对危险驾驶行为和交通事故的联合影响。

The joint association of average volume of alcohol and binge drinking with hazardous driving behaviour and traffic crashes.

作者信息

Valencia-Martín José Lorenzo, Galán Iñaki, Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando

机构信息

CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

Addiction. 2008 May;103(5):749-57. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02165.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02165.x

PMID:18412753

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Previous studies on alcohol-related road safety have not assessed the joint impact of average volume of alcohol and binge drinking.

AIM

To examine the joint and separate association of average volume of alcohol and binge drinking with hazardous driving behaviour and traffic crashes.

METHODS

Data were drawn from telephone interviews conducted in the period 2000-2005, with 12 037 individuals representative of the population aged 18-64 years in the Madrid region, Spain. The threshold between average moderate and heavy volumes was 40 g of alcohol/day in men and 24 g/day in women. Binge drinking was defined as intake of >or= 80 g of alcohol in men and >or= 60 g in women, during any drinking occasion in the preceding 30 days. Individuals were classified into the following categories: (i) non-drinkers; (ii) moderate drinkers with no binge drinking (MDNB); (iii) moderate drinkers with binge drinking (MDB); (iv) heavy drinkers with no binge drinking (HDNB); and (v) heavy drinkers with binge drinking (HDB). Analyses were performed using logistic regression, with adjustment for sex, age and educational level.

FINDINGS

Frequency of inadequate seat-belt use increased progressively across categories of alcohol consumption, with odds ratio (OR) 1 in non-drinkers, 1.19 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-1.33] in MDNB, 1.69 (1.41-2.03) in MDB, 1.68 (1.24-2.29) in HDNB and 2.41 (1.83-3.18) in HDB (P for trend <0.001). Compared with MDNB, alcohol-impaired driving was also more frequent in MDB (OR 7.43; 95% CI: 5.52-10.00), HDNB (OR 7.31; 95% CI: 4.37-12.25) and in HDB (OR 15.50; 95% CI: 10.62-22.61). Lastly, compared with non-drinkers, frequency of traffic crashes increased progressively across categories of alcohol consumption (P for trend=0.028), although it only reached statistical significance in HDB (OR 2.01; 95% CI: 1.00-4.09).

CONCLUSIONS

Self-reported average volume of alcohol and binge drinking are both associated with self-reported hazardous driving behaviour and traffic crashes. The strength of the association is greater when average heavy consumption and binge drinking occur jointly.

摘要

背景

以往关于酒精与道路安全的研究未评估酒精平均摄入量和暴饮的联合影响。

目的

研究酒精平均摄入量和暴饮分别及联合与危险驾驶行为及交通事故之间的关联。

方法

数据取自2000年至2005年期间进行的电话访谈，共12037人，他们代表了西班牙马德里地区18至64岁的人群。男性酒精平均摄入量适中与大量的界限为每天40克酒精，女性为每天24克。暴饮定义为在过去30天内的任何饮酒场合中，男性摄入≥80克酒精，女性摄入≥60克酒精。个体被分为以下几类：（i）不饮酒者；（ii）无暴饮的适度饮酒者（MDNB）；（iii）有暴饮的适度饮酒者（MDB）；（iv）无暴饮的大量饮酒者（HDNB）；（v）有暴饮的大量饮酒者（HDB）。采用逻辑回归进行分析，并对性别、年龄和教育水平进行了调整。

结果

安全带使用不当的频率在不同饮酒类别中逐渐增加，不饮酒者的优势比（OR）为1，MDNB为1.19[95%置信区间（CI）1.06 - 1.33]，MDB为1.69（1.41 - 2.03），HDNB为1.68（1.24 - 2.29），HDB为2.41（1.83 - 3.18）（趋势P<0.001）。与MDNB相比，MDB（OR 7.43；95% CI：5.52 - 10.00）、HDNB（OR 7.31；95% CI：4.37 - 12.25）和HDB（OR 15.50；95% CI：10.62 - 22.61）中受酒精影响的驾驶也更频繁。最后，与不饮酒者相比，交通事故的频率在不同饮酒类别中逐渐增加（趋势P = 0.028），尽管仅在HDB中达到统计学显著性（OR 2.01；95% CI：1.00 - 4.09）。