Naimi Timothy S, Nelson David E, Brewer Robert D
Alcohol Team, Emerging Investigations and Analytic Methods Branch, Division of Adult and Community Health, National Centers for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2009 Oct;37(4):314-20. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.06.013.
Although binge drinking is strongly associated with alcohol-impaired driving, little is known about the prevalence of or risk factors for driving after binge drinking.
The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of, and risk factors for, driving during or shortly after a specific binge drinking episode.
The data were analyzed in 2007 and 2008 from 14,085 adults from 13 states in 2003 and 14 states in 2004 who reported binge drinking and answered an additional series of questions about binge drinking behaviors as part of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey. Binge drinking was defined as the consumption of five or more drinks during a drinking occasion.
Overall, 11.9% of binge drinkers drove during or within 2 hours of their most recent binge drinking episode. Those drinking in licensed establishments (bars, clubs, and restaurants) accounted for 54.3% of these driving episodes. Significant independent risk factors for driving after binge drinking included male gender (AOR = 1.75); being aged 35-54 or > or = 55 years compared to 18-34 years (AOR = 1.58 and 2.37, respectively); and drinking in bars or clubs compared to drinking in the respondent's home (AOR = 7.81). Drivers who drank most of their alcohol in licensed establishments consumed an average of 8.1 drinks, and 25.7% of them consumed > or = 10 drinks.
Because binge drinking and subsequent driving were common in establishments licensed to sell alcohol, and because licensing is conditional on responsible beverage service practices (i.e., not selling to intoxicated people), efforts to prevent impaired driving should focus on enforcing responsible beverage service in licensed establishments.
尽管暴饮与酒后驾车密切相关，但对于暴饮后驾车的患病率及危险因素知之甚少。
本研究旨在评估特定暴饮事件期间或之后不久驾车的患病率及危险因素。
对2003年来自13个州以及2004年来自14个州的14,085名成年人的数据进行分析，这些成年人报告有暴饮行为，并作为行为危险因素监测系统调查的一部分回答了一系列关于暴饮行为的附加问题。暴饮定义为在一次饮酒场合中饮用五杯或更多的酒。
总体而言，11.9%的暴饮者在其最近一次暴饮事件期间或之后2小时内驾车。在有执照的场所（酒吧、俱乐部和餐馆）饮酒的人占这些驾车事件的54.3%。暴饮后驾车的显著独立危险因素包括男性（比值比[AOR]=1.75）；与18 - 34岁相比，年龄在35 - 54岁或≥55岁（AOR分别为1.58和2.37）；与在受访者家中饮酒相比，在酒吧或俱乐部饮酒（AOR = 7.81）。在有执照场所饮用大部分酒的驾车者平均饮用8.1杯酒，其中25.7%的人饮用≥10杯酒。
由于暴饮及随后驾车在有酒类销售执照的场所很常见，且执照的颁发是以负责任的酒水服务行为（即不向醉酒者销售）为条件的，因此预防酒后驾车的努力应侧重于在有执照场所加强负责任的酒水服务监管。
