Waterman Amy D, Barrett Ann C, Stanley Sara L
Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Prog Transplant. 2008 Mar;18(1):55-62. doi: 10.1177/152692480801800111.
Inadequate transplant education may stop kidney patients from beginning or completing evaluation or limit recipients from considering living donation.
To learn about recipients' decision making about living donation and preferred transplant education resources.
Retrospective, cross-sectional survey.
304 kidney recipients.
Living donation comfort, concerns, education preferences.
Recipients spent 10 median hours learning about transplant, primarily by speaking to medical staff (2-3 hours) and reading transplant brochures (0-1 hour). Twelve percent had not received any education before coming to the transplant center. At least 75% wanted education discussing the evaluation, surgery, and medical tests required of recipients and donors, as well as common transplant-related fears. Recipients who received living donor transplants were more interested in information about donors' evaluation (P < .001), surgery (P < .001), medical tests (P < .001), and donation concerns (P = .004) than were other recipients. Recipients who had living donors evaluated were more comfortable accepting family members or friends who volunteered rather than asking potential donors because of concerns about pressuring donors (85%), harming their health (83%), or causing them pain or inconvenience (76%). Besides providing accurate medical information, education that addresses recipients' fears about transplantation, explains living donors' donation experiences, and teaches patients how to pursue living donation may increase recipients' pursuit of living donation.
移植教育不足可能会阻碍肾病患者开始或完成评估，或者限制受者考虑活体捐赠。
了解受者关于活体捐赠的决策以及偏好的移植教育资源。
回顾性横断面调查。
304名肾移植受者。
活体捐赠的舒适度、担忧因素、教育偏好。
受者学习移植相关知识的时间中位数为10小时，主要方式是与医护人员交流（2 - 3小时）和阅读移植宣传手册（0 - 1小时）。12%的受者在来到移植中心之前未接受过任何教育。至少75%的受者希望接受有关受者和捐赠者所需的评估、手术及医学检查，以及常见的与移植相关恐惧的教育。接受活体供肾移植的受者比其他受者对捐赠者的评估（P < .001）、手术（P < .001）、医学检查（P < .001）及捐赠相关担忧（P = .004）方面的信息更感兴趣。接受活体捐赠者评估的受者更愿意接受主动提出的家庭成员或朋友作为捐赠者，而不是主动询问潜在捐赠者，原因是担心给捐赠者带来压力（85%）、损害其健康（83%）或给他们带来痛苦或不便（76%）。除了提供准确医学信息外，能够解决受者对移植的恐惧、解释活体捐赠者的捐赠经历并教导患者如何寻求活体捐赠的教育，可能会增加受者对活体捐赠的追求。
