Kallel K, Haouas N, Pratlong F, Kaouech E, Belhadj S, Anane S, Dedet J P, Babba H, Chaker E
Laboratoire de parasitologie, Hôpital La Rabta, Tunis, Tunisie.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2008 Feb;101(1):29-31.
Three clinico-epidemiological forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) were described in Tunisia: the zoonotic CL (ZCL) epidemic which occurred in the centre of the country caused by Leishmania major MON-25, the chronic CL (CCL) In the south-east of the country caused by Leishmania killicki MON-8 and the sporadic CL In the North (SCL) caused by Leishmania infantum MON-24. The latter form, described in 1991, prevails in northern Tunisia with approximately thirty cases per year. Its vector, unknown for a long time could be according to the last publications, Phlebotomus perfiliewi or Phlebotomus langeroni; however, its reservoir remains unknown until now. The systematic isoenzymatic characterization permits to identify a great number of strains improving then knowledge on the eco-epidemiology of the disease. Indeed, changes were noted in the geographical distribution of these clinical forms: extension of the ZCL to the North and South, extension of the CCL to North and the SCL to the centre. We report in this note the first mention of L. infantum MON-24 in the two provinces of the centre of Tunisia: Kairouan and Sidi Bouzid, confirming the extension of the SCL to the Centre.
突尼斯描述了皮肤利什曼病（CL）的三种临床流行病学形式：由硕大利什曼原虫MON - 25引起的人畜共患CL（ZCL）疫情发生在该国中部；由基氏利什曼原虫MON - 8引起的慢性CL（CCL）在该国东南部；由婴儿利什曼原虫MON - 24引起的散发CL（SCL）在北部。后一种形式于1991年被描述，在突尼斯北部流行，每年约有30例。长期以来其传播媒介不明，但根据最新出版物，可能是佩氏白蛉或兰氏白蛉；然而，其宿主至今仍不明。系统的同工酶特征分析能够鉴定出大量菌株，从而增进对该疾病生态流行病学的了解。事实上，这些临床形式的地理分布出现了变化：ZCL扩展到北部和南部，CCL扩展到北部，SCL扩展到中部。在本报告中，我们首次提及在突尼斯中部的凯鲁万和西迪布济德两省发现婴儿利什曼原虫MON - 24，证实了SCL扩展到中部。
