Swati M, Rema T, Joseph Kurian
Centre for Environmental Studies (CES), Anna University, Chennai, India.
J Hazard Mater. 2008 Dec 15;160(1):213-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02.111. Epub 2008 Mar 8.
Fresh and partially decomposed municipal solid waste (MSW) collected from three places in Chennai city, viz., a residential collection point and two dumping grounds (Kodungaiyur and Perungudi) were screened for hazardous organic pollutants. Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP) using a Zero Headspace Extractor (ZHE) followed by further extraction by solvent separation using n-hexane containing 15% di-ethyl ether was performed and the organic extract obtained was qualitatively screened by GC-MS. 28 different types of higher alkanes and their derivatives, 7 types of C6-C8 fatty acids and their esters, 7 different phenolic compounds including alkylated phenols and degradation products and 5 phthalate compounds occurred in a majority of the analysed samples. 17 other organic compounds such as carboxylic acids, chloroform, phosphate, pharmaceutical chemicals etc. were also detected. Among these compounds, phenolics and phthalates are highly hazardous in nature and occurred in relatively higher concentrations. Hazardous compounds like p-cresol, di-butyl, mono butyl and di-ethyl pthalates were found in concentrations more than 200mg/kg in MSW.
从钦奈市三个地点收集的新鲜和部分分解的城市固体废物（MSW），即一个住宅收集点和两个垃圾场（科东盖尤尔和佩鲁恩古迪），进行了有害有机污染物筛查。采用零顶空萃取器（ZHE）进行毒性特征浸出程序（TCLP），随后用含15%二乙醚的正己烷通过溶剂分离进一步萃取，并通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）对获得的有机提取物进行定性筛查。在大多数分析样品中出现了28种不同类型的高级烷烃及其衍生物、7种C6-C8脂肪酸及其酯、7种不同的酚类化合物（包括烷基化酚和降解产物）以及5种邻苯二甲酸酯化合物。还检测到了17种其他有机化合物，如羧酸、氯仿、磷酸盐、医药化学品等。在这些化合物中，酚类和邻苯二甲酸酯本质上具有高度危险性，且以相对较高的浓度出现。在城市固体废物中发现对甲酚、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸单丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯等有害化合物的浓度超过200mg/kg。
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