Tilmes Simone, Müller Rolf, Salawitch Ross
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, CO 80307, USA.
Science. 2008 May 30;320(5880):1201-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1153966. Epub 2008 Apr 24.
The large burden of sulfate aerosols injected into the stratosphere by the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991 cooled Earth and enhanced the destruction of polar ozone in the subsequent few years. The continuous injection of sulfur into the stratosphere has been suggested as a "geoengineering" scheme to counteract global warming. We use an empirical relationship between ozone depletion and chlorine activation to estimate how this approach might influence polar ozone. An injection of sulfur large enough to compensate for surface warming caused by the doubling of atmospheric CO2 would strongly increase the extent of Arctic ozone depletion during the present century for cold winters and would cause a considerable delay, between 30 and 70 years, in the expected recovery of the Antarctic ozone hole.
1991年皮纳图博火山喷发向平流层注入的大量硫酸盐气溶胶使地球降温，并在随后几年加剧了极地臭氧的破坏。持续向平流层注入硫被提议作为一种“地球工程”方案来应对全球变暖。我们利用臭氧消耗与氯活化之间的经验关系来估计这种方法可能如何影响极地臭氧。注入足够多的硫以补偿大气二氧化碳浓度翻倍所导致的地表变暖，在本世纪寒冷的冬季将极大地加剧北极臭氧消耗的程度，并将使南极臭氧空洞预期的恢复出现30至70年的显著延迟。
