Effects of scutellarin on apoptosis induced by cobalt chloride in PC12 cells.

The present study investigated the protective effects of scutellarin on cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Incubation of PC12 cells with 500 microM CoCl2 for 24 h resulted in significant apoptosis as evaluated by the crystal violet, electron microscopy and flow cytometry assays. The increase of caspase-3 activity, decrease of Bcl-XL expression, phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also seen in CoCl2-treated PC12 cells. Scutellarin at 0.1, 1 and 10 microM significantly protected against the apoptotic cell death induced by CoCl2. Scutellarin decreased caspase-3 activity, increased Bcl-XL expression, inhibited p38 phosphorylation and attenuated ROS production. These results demonstrate that scutellarin can protect PC12 cells from cobalt chloride induced apoptosis by scavenging ROS, inhibiting p38 phosphorylation, up-regulating Bcl-XL expression and decreasing caspase-3 activity, and may reduce the cellular damage in pathological conditions associated with hypoxia-mediated neuronal injury.