Fakoorziba M R, Eghbal F, Vijayan V A
School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Environ Toxicol. 2009 Feb;24(1):19-24. doi: 10.1002/tox.20386.
Continuous and indiscriminate use of pesticides, especially in tropical countries for public health or agriculture purpose, has led many vector populations to become resistant to organochlorides, organophosphates, and even to carbamates and pyrethroids. Development of resistance by a vector population has been one of the reasons for the failure of the control measures in many countries. This investigation demonstrates the efficacy of piperonyl-butoxide (PBO) with deltamethrin, as pyrethroid insecticide, against the field-collected mosquitoe larvae of five species, Aedes aegypti, Anopheles culicifacies, An. stephensi, An. vagus, and Culex quinqufasciatus, and two morphological variants of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (type A from grand pools of Mysore city and type B from rice fields of Mandya district). For testing the synergistic effect of PBO, stock solutions of deltamethrin and PBO were mixed in 1:6 ratio. The synergistic ratio and the percent suppression in deltamethrin tolerance were calculated by using LC(50) values. From the results, it is clear that, PBO is an effective synergist with deltamethrin against all of species undertaken in this investigation. So, it is suggested that PBO is a good synergist in this area for decreasing the use of pesticides in environment in vector control.
持续且不加区分地使用杀虫剂，尤其是在热带国家用于公共卫生或农业目的，已导致许多病媒种群对有机氯、有机磷，甚至对氨基甲酸酯类和拟除虫菊酯类产生抗性。病媒种群产生抗性一直是许多国家控制措施失败的原因之一。本研究证明了增效醚（PBO）与作为拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的溴氰菊酯对野外采集的五种蚊虫幼虫的有效性，这五种蚊虫分别是埃及伊蚊、库氏按蚊、斯氏按蚊、迷走按蚊和致倦库蚊，以及三带喙库蚊的两种形态变体（来自迈索尔市大水池的A型和来自曼迪亚区稻田的B型）。为了测试PBO的增效作用，将溴氰菊酯和PBO的储备溶液按1:6的比例混合。通过使用半数致死浓度（LC50）值计算增效比和溴氰菊酯耐受性的抑制百分比。从结果可以明显看出，PBO是与溴氰菊酯对本研究中所有物种有效的增效剂。因此，建议PBO在该领域是一种良好的增效剂，可减少病媒控制中环境中杀虫剂的使用。
